Subordinated Market Index Models: A Comparison

The paper compares various processes subordinated to the Wiener process tomodel the leptokurtic characteristics of index returns. Empirical analysisis performed on the Dow Jones and Nikkei 225 indexes. A good model to capturethe typical tail behaviour of these indexes turns out to be a long Studentt distributed one.     

The Original Maturity of Corporate Bonds: The Influence of Credit Rating,Asset Maturity,Security, and Macroeconomic Conditions

We examine the determinants of the new issue maturity of corporate bonds. As credit rating decreases, new bond issues have longer maturities, but substantial variation in maturity within each rating class remains. We seek to explain the variation of new issue maturity within credit classes. We find that asset maturity, security covenants, and macroeconomic conditions influence the new issue maturity of bonds within rating categories.     

Error analysis of finite difference and Markov chain approximations for option pricing

Mijatovi? and Pistorius proposed an efficient Markov chain approximation method for pricing European and barrier options in general one‐dimensional Markovian models. However, sharp convergence rates of this method for realistic financial payoffs, which are nonsmooth, are rarely available. In this paper, we solve this problem for general one‐dimensional diffusion models, which play a fundamental role in financial applications. For such models, the Markov chain approximation method is equivalent to the method of lines using the central difference. Our analysis is based on the spectral representation of the exact solution and the approximate solution. By establishing the convergence rate for the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions, we obtain sharp convergence rates for the transition density and the price of options with nonsmooth payoffs. In particular, we show that for call‐/put‐type payoffs, convergence is second order, while for digital‐type payoffs, convergence is generally only first order. Furthermore, we provide theoretical justification for two well‐known smoothing techniques that can restore second‐order convergence for digital‐type payoffs and explain oscillations observed in the convergence for options with nonsmooth payoffs. As an extension, we also establish sharp convergence rates for European options for a rich class of Markovian jump models constructed from diffusions via subordination. The theoretical estimates are confirmed using numerical examples.     

基于模糊数学方法的物流企业绩效综合评价研究

物流企业的绩效评价体系的建立要遵循全面系统、科学合理的原则,同时还必须将定性与定量有机结合起来。从经济绩效、运营绩效、服务绩效和成长绩效四方面构建了物流绩效体系,同时运用模糊评价方法对企业的绩效水平进行了综合评价。     

经济一体化亚种:近代中国经济周期的从属性

按照HP滤波方法对近代中国1887-1936年GDP进行周期分解,可以将50年的经济增长过程划分为5个周期,1918-1933年的第三个周期是近代中国经济发展最快的时期.同英关两国的经济周期比较,除了第一次世界大战期间有所不同外,其余周期区间的发展趋势、规律和特点都具有明显的趋同性,这是近代中国经济周期在世界经济范围内一体化亚种和从属地位的表现.在此基础上,我们分析了经济周期相异的原因所在,近代中国经济周期的从属地住和从属路径.     

主债务人破产后保证人停止计息的法理与实践

我国《企业破产法》第四十六条第二款规定:"附利息的债权自破产申请受理时起停止计息。"但是该条规定是否及于保证人在实务中存在不同的裁判路径。对不同判决的分析,法院比较偏向于保证从债权的范围不应超过主债权,所以停止计息也应当及于保证人。本文从突破保证责任从属性的角度分析,论证破产止息不及于保证人的合理性,并对现在的破产止息制度进行思考。     

延伸教育阵地,拓展育人空间--我校共青团组织开展第二课堂素质教育工作的实践总结和理论探讨

在高等学校教育中,第二课堂教育工作是第一课堂教育的延伸和重要补充,是对学生开展素质教育的重要途径。所以各高校都十分重视第二课堂教育工作。高校共青团组织是第二课堂教育工作的主要承担者,开展第二课堂教育工作是高校共青团组织重要的工作内容。为了更好的开展这项工作,共青团组织应当提高对第二课堂教育工作的认识,明确工作目标,完善工作机制,充实工作内容,切实发挥第二课堂教育工作的作用。     

唐代农民的身份地位变迁

唐代是中国古代农民身份地位发生巨大变化的时期.农民在均田制崩溃后,逐渐从国家的严密控制中解放出来;在两税法下,农民人身自由得到加强.契约租佃制的普遍发展,使乡村社会农民与地主的关系由中古时代的隶属依附关系向契约关系转化,由此出现了一种新型的乡村社会关系--农民与地主的关系主要是以签订的"契约"为主;这一新型的"契约"关系对中国近世的形成开创了条件,并延续至明清.     

TIME‐CHANGED ORNSTEIN–UHLENBECK PROCESSES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN COMMODITY DERIVATIVE MODELS

This paper studies subordinate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) processes, i.e., OU diffusions time changed by Lévy subordinators. We construct their sample path decomposition, show that they possess mean‐reverting jumps, study their equivalent measure transformations, and the spectral representation of their transition semigroups in terms of Hermite expansions. As an application, we propose a new class of commodity models with mean‐reverting jumps based on subordinate OU processes. Further time changing by the integral of a Cox–Ingersoll–Ross process plus a deterministic function of time, we induce stochastic volatility and time inhomogeneity, such as seasonality, in the models. We obtain analytical solutions for commodity futures options in terms of Hermite expansions. The models are consistent with the initial futures curve, exhibit Samuelson's maturity effect, and are flexible enough to capture a variety of implied volatility smile patterns observed in commodities futures options.     

关联企业间破产债权问题研究

关联企业是一种新兴的企业生态,由此引发了一系列问题,新公司法的出台给研究此类问题提供了契机和工具。关联企业之间由于其过于密切的联系必然相互间存在债权债务,此需要在破产时予以清算,应在子公司破产和母、子公司同时破产时采用不同的方法,即衡平居次和实质合并方式予以解决。