"谨慎投资者规则"与我国基金管理人注意义务的法律完善

美国信托法中的“谨慎投资音规则”是在历经法定投资表和谨慎人规则两个阶段的演进中吸收了现代投资组合理论而形成的。“谨慎投资者规则”作为受托人的一项法定投资原则，不仅比较契舍当今证券投资的实际需要，而且也很好地防范了基金管理人对投资权力的滥用，目前已成为越采越多国家规范基金管理人注意义务的主要依据。我们很有必要对之加以吸收和借鉴，以使我国基金管理人注意义务的内容更为精细化。     

我国新型农村合作医疗发展现状及对策

本文利用《中国卫生统计年鉴》中的新型农村合作医疗情况数据,对我国新农村合作医疗发展状况进行研究,结果表明,我国新农合基本实现全覆盖,但新农合筹资水平与保障水平偏低.受地区经济发展水平、政府补贴不同的影响,各地区之间新农合发展存在差异.并提出根据各地区的经济水平,实施动态筹资水平,进一步完善医疗保险统计制度方法,增加数据透明度等手段来促进新农合发展.     

医疗服务价格管制与"以药养医"

近年来，我国医疗费用持续上涨，医患关系也变得更加紧张。而针对这些问题所采取的一系列改革措施并没有产生明显的效果，这主要是因为没有充分认识到医疗服务价格管制所带来的严重的负面影响。本文提供了一个用于评价医疗服务价格管制的分析框架。本文的分析表明，医疗服务价格管制会导致“以药养医”体制的形成，而且“以药养医”这一间接定价机制，通常无法使患者的效用水平达到只存在道德风险和有限责任约束时的次优水平。因此，改革目前备受非议的医疗体制，重点在于放松对医疗服务价格的管制。     

National Identity and the Challenge of Health Reform in Canada

Health reform remains the most contentious policy issue in Canada. Medicare is subject to the same political forces that demand state retrenchment in other areas, but it has escaped wholesale reorganization because of the commitment of Canadians to the principles of medicare, because the provinces and the federal government remain locked in a battle about provincial autonomy, and because the existing system serves the interests of various professional groups including organized medicine. Nevertheless, reform and, especially, expansion of coverage is essential if the existing system is to be sustained. The most encouraging aspect of current debate is the recognition that we can look beyond the U.S. for reforms more consistent with the underlying values of Canadians than is the U.S. system.     

以科学发展为指导，探索建设有西南科技大学特色的校园户外育人环境

校园环境具有物质和精神双重内涵，美好的校园环境，良好的配套设施，不仅能给院校的教师和管理人员提供良好的工作环境，给莘莘学子提供良好的学习环境，而且也可以陶冶学生情操、净化学生心灵、规范学生行为，体现院校的文化和内涵。对学生产生激励作用，在浑然不觉中发挥育人作用，促进学生的全面成长和个性发挥。     

Charity Care by Non-profit Hospitals: The Price of Tax-exempt Debt

In this paper, we study the effects of tax-exempt debt on the supply of charity care of non-profit hospitals. We hypothesize that hospitals using tax-exempt rather than taxable debt are forced to provide higher levels of charity care as a condition for gaining access to the tax-exempt market. The study uses a panel of 189 California non-profit hospitals. Hospital uncompensated care is regressed on the level of uncompensated care by other hospitals in the market, lagged values of tax-exempt and taxable debt and other control variables.The magnitude of the tax-exempt bond subsidy has a positive effect on the flow of charity care and varies positively with the charity care provided by other hospitals. We conclude that subsidies provided by tax-exempt debt are an effective media to increase the supply of charity care by hospitals. Regulators can use competition between non-profit hospitals in order to enforce the desired behavior.     

China's health care reform: A tentative assessment

China has recently unveiled an ambitious new health-care reform plan, entailing a doubling of government health spending as well as a number of concrete reforms. While the details of the plan have not yet been completely announced, we offer a preliminary assessment of how well the reform is likely to achieve its stated goal of assuring every citizen equal access to affordable basic health care. The reform is based on three fundamental tenets: strong role of government in health, commitment to equity, and willingness to experiment with regulated market approaches. Within this framework, the reform offers a number of laudable changes to the health system, including an increase in public health financing, an expansion of primary health facilities and an increase in subsidies to achieve universal insurance coverage. However, it fails to address the root causes of the wastes and inefficiencies plaguing China's health care system, such as a fragmented delivery system and provider incentives to over-provide expensive tests and services. We conclude that China should consider changing the provider payment method from fee-for-service to a prospective payment method such as DRG or capitation with pay-for-performance, and to develop purchasing agencies that represent the interests of the population so as to enhance competition.     

收入分配、医疗资源与人口健康:一个跨国研究

收入分配与人口健康的关系是一个争论已久的问题。本文在总结各种理论假说和以往实证研究的基础上,使用新的、质量较好的跨国面板数据,重新检验了收入分配与人口健康的关系。本文的分析重点有二:一是收入分配对人口健康的滞后影响;二是医疗资源在收入分配与人口健康的相关关系中所起的作用。本文的主要发现是,收入不均对人口健康的确有不利影响,但这种不利影响需要10年或更长的滞后期才能充分显现出来,这种滞后性是以往使用固定效应模型的跨国研究未能检测到收入不均与人口健康具有负相关关系的主要原因。此外,医疗资源(特别是初级医疗资源)人均拥有量对人口健康有积极作用;医疗资源有可能通过某种不可观察固定因素对收入分配与人口健康的关系发生影响。这些发现有助于澄清关于收入分配与人口健康关系的争论,对医疗政策也有重要参考价值。     

班主任的“三心二意”

作者通过对工作的总结，提出做好班主任工作应在细心、热心、耐心、关心、善心等方面下功夫。     

Changing Women's Lives: Child Care Policy in Ireland

Child care as a policy issue has been forced to the center of the national planning agenda in Ireland with the report of an expert working group on child care. As Ireland has broken into the ranks of wealthy Western economies, Irish women have joined the formal workforce in ever greater numbers, dramatically breaking the traditional ideology of women as childbearers and homemakers. However, women are now carrying the double burden of work that accompanies the lack of any state policy on child care. This article traces this recent history of the feminizing of the Irish workforce, amidst a fast-changing social context for family life, and the multiple problems confronting the expert working group of securing an adequate range of policies for the provision of child care in a country which has one of the lowest rates of formal state provision in the entire European Union.