工作本位学习理论的系统分析

工作本位学习是基于从学校到工作岗位(school-to-work)的理念下提出来的,试图整合学习策略和工作实践,促进学习者的学习,以更好适应工作的需要。工作本位课程理论是在上述理念基础上开发出来的,对我国高职教育提供有益的启示。     

关于制订《经济责任审计条例》的思考

本文通过对新修订的《中华人民共和国审计法》和现有的省级《审计监督条例》中关于经济责任审计规定的比较分析,结合中国审计现实情况,提出国务院制定《经济责任审计条例》应明确的一些问题,并提出现阶段应采取的措施。     

经济活动中的批判性思维

批判性思维是一种反思性、反省性的思维,是基于一定标准的、合理的、可靠的思维。它适用于人们各个领域的思维活动。在经济活动中运用批判性思维,有助于经济工作者从清晰、正确、可靠的认识出发,客观、全面、深入地分析、思考问题,得出合理的、合乎逻辑的结论。     

从信用繁荣到大萧条的演化及其启示

信用快速扩张和乐观情绪交织导致经济繁荣,贸易顺差快速增长,本币升值。本国为了减轻本币升值的压力,采用更宽松的货币政策,导致房地产泡沫和股市泡沫。信用支撑的繁荣必然导致资源错配,坏账大量积累,迫使商业信用和银行信用的停止,生产和消费不能继续,大萧条降临。要保持国民经济持续、快速发展,必须控制信用规模,走共同富裕的道路。     

关于企业对消费者的社会责任分析与思考

目前我国正处于食品安全风险高发期。企业是食品安全第一责任人。文章在介绍了食品生产销售存在的问题的基础上,分析了企业对消费者的社会责任：为消费者提供安全的产品、建立完善的客户服务体系、向消费者提供充足资讯和开发“绿色产品”等。为了我国的食品安全,我们应从以下五个方面努力：增强消费者的维权意识与能力、发挥社会舆论监督作用、企业应把产品做得安全且有价值、加强政府的宏观调控职能、发挥行业协会的桥梁作用。     

Limit theorems for reflected Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes

This paper studies one‐dimensional Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) processes, with the distinguishing feature that they are reflected on a single boundary (put at level 0) or two boundaries (put at levels 0 and d > 0). In the literature, they are referred to as reflected OU (ROU) and doubly reflected OU (DROU), respectively. For both cases, we explicitly determine the decay rates of the (transient) probability to reach a given extreme level. The methodology relies on sample‐path large deviations, so that we also identify the associated most likely paths. For DROU, we also consider the ‘idleness process’ L_t and the ‘loss process’ U_t, which are the minimal non‐decreasing processes, which make the OU process remain ≥ 0 and ≤ d, respectively. We derive central limit theorems (CLTs) for U_t and L_t, using techniques from stochastic integration and the martingale CLT.     

The Dutch urban ground lease: A valuable tool for land policy?

Once heralded by both liberals and socialists as a tool for Dutch municipal governments to prevent land speculation and to implement spatial policies, a century later the Dutch ground lease (erfpacht) is now despised by many. The ground lease was the subject of strong debate in the recent past and is likely to remain so. It has been argued that lessees should have the right to become owner of the land, and this ‘right to buy’ has indeed been implemented in the land policies of several municipalities. The Dutch urban ground lease seems to be under serious pressure. Is it outdated or is it still a valuable tool for land policy? Before we answer this question, we firstly will provide an historical overview of Dutch ground lease. Secondly, the different types of ground lease will be elaborated. Thirdly, the focus will be on the urban ground lease used by Dutch municipalities and the developments in the use of this instrument. Fourthly, the recent policy changes will be dealt with, followed by an assessment.     

Patterns of growth in Chinese cities: Implications of the land lease

A special feature of China’s housing market is land use rights in the form of land leasehold contracts granted by the government. We consider an equilibrium model in which a representative developer may choose to redevelop existing centrally located housing or to develop new housing at the periphery of the city. We show that as the city grows, the land leasehold system results in the city center being developed less intensely and more land being used on the outskirts of the city when compared to a fee simple environment. Thus, cities in China are likely to be relatively more spread out, with city centers relatively older than would be the case with “fee simple” ownership. Our model suggests that excess residential land use is about 6 percent. In addition, compared with the ownership case, housing supply will grow more quickly in the near future, but more slowly later on during the transition of the Chinese economy. Parallel to the supply growth pattern, equilibrium price grows relative slowly in the near future, but more quickly later on. While we focus on residential uses, we believe our model can be applied to other land uses.     

做好医院内部审计工作的几点思考

目前,随着我国社会经济的高速发展,医疗产业发展与经营形式的不断变化,医疗资源紧缺与群众就医需求的矛盾凸显,对医疗机构的内控管理提出了更高的要求。完善内部审计机制,优化内控管理的整体质量,不仅是新时期医院实现自我监督的改革路径,同时也是提升医疗资源配置形式,协调不同工作部门责任关系的关键内容。在此基础上,建立现代化内部审计机制,结合医院新时期发展特征,不断调整内控机制中不适应发展需求的部分,已经成为当前阶段医疗机构满足内部发展需求,创新财务管理模式的首要任务。     

Substantial effect of voluntary policy interventions on aircraft ground handling safety

Managing safety and health matters require comprehensive policy intervention to change the existing culture in the ground handling operations and reducing the safety performance outcomes. This study aims to investigate the relationship between safety culture and safety performance outcome with voluntary policy intervention as the moderating effect of the relationship. The study employed a quantitative method through a survey instrument, which was participated by 423 ground handling workers from six international airports in Malaysia. The results indicated seven hypotheses in direct relationships have positive association between safety culture and safety performance construct. While for moderator relationships, there were five hypotheses found to be statistically significant and supported. The presence of voluntary policy interventions were found to be beneficial or detrimental elements for the insignificant relationships of the study. The ground handling organisation is expected to utilise these results by strengthening their organisation safety culture and prioritise safety and health matters over demand and cost.