低保未就业人员求职意愿及影响因素研究

当前城市最低生活保障制度在运行过程中存在的一个突出问题,是低保对象中有劳动能力者的比重日益提高.运用北京市的调查数据,分析了若干经济、社会和心理(文化)因素对低保未就业者的求职意愿及行为的影响.研究发现:贫穷文化和社会资本对求职意愿、家庭规模对求职行为的影响作用具有统计显著性,工作与低保的比较效益以及就业援助则无显著影响.研究结果对进一步完善低保政策具有启发意义.     

趋同的城乡生育意愿对生育政策调整的启示--基于北京市城乡独生子女生育意愿的比较研究

对北京市2006年和2008年的城乡独生子女生育意愿作了调查。在我国经济社会较为发达地区,城乡独生子女的生育意愿无论在生育数量还是在子女性别偏好和生育时间上都存在趋同的现象。对目前各省市在生育政策调整时城市和农村依然采取不同政策的做法提出看法。在经济社会较为发达的省市,可以推行城乡一体化的生育政策。     

农民工留城意愿影响因素分析——基于我国七省市的实证研究

农民工留城对推进我国城镇化进程具有重要意义。对我国7省市的实地调研分析结果表明,性别、年龄、文化程度、职业等个人特征,住房类型、有无农地、社会保险状况等经济因素,子女读书地和配偶工作地等家庭及社会因素,对农民工留城意愿有显著影响;而农民工工作地、在城市居住时间和就业状况等因素对农民工留城意愿没有显著影响。     

Country-of-origion effects:an Australian experiment in shelf labelling

The influence of country-of-origin (COO) on consumers' preferences and purchase choices has been extensively discussed in the marketing literature yet most studies dedicated to this issue have relied on durables purchases. Questionnaire-based surveys have most often aimed to identify the degree to which the COO factor influences purchase intentions, but have in general presented this factor in isolation from other product attributes. The present study attempts to address these limitations by relying on ‘real world’ conditions and exploring COO effects for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). For two categories of grocery product, ‘Australian-made’ labels were displayed according to an experimental design over a period of several weeks. No significant effect was found, suggesting that the ‘patriotic’positioning strategy followed by many Australian marketers and retailers is somewhat misguided. These findings also suggest that previous research with durable goods, which supported the existence of COO effects, may not be applicable to the FMCG category where COO effects may be less significant.     

Consumer willingness to pay for redundant food labels

Previous studies, as well as market sales data, show some consumers are willing to pay a premium for redundant or superfluous food labels that carry no additional information for the informed consumer. Some advocacy groups have argued that the use of such redundant labels is misleading or unethical. To determine whether premiums for redundant labels stem from misunderstanding or other factors, this study seeks to determine whether greater knowledge of the claims - in the form of expertise in food production and scientific literacy - decreases willingness to pay for redundant labels. We also explore whether de-biasing information influences consumers’ valuations of redundant labels. An online survey of 1122 U.S. consumers elicited preferences for three redundantly labeled products: non-GMO sea salt, gluten-free orange juice, and no-hormone-added chicken breast. Respondents with farm experience report lower premiums for non-GMO salt and no-hormone-added chicken. Those with higher scientific literacy state lower premiums for gluten-free orange juice. However, after providing information about the redundancy of the claims, less than half of respondents who were initially willing to pay extra for the label are convinced otherwise. Over 30% of respondents counter-intuitively increase their premiums, behavior that is associated with less a priori scientific knowledge. The likelihood of “overpricing” redundant labels is associated with willingness-to-pay premiums for organic food, suggesting at least some of the premium for organic is a result of misinformation.     

If we label it, will they care? The effect of GM-ingredient labelling on consumer responses

More than 60% of foods in North American supermarkets contain GM ingredients. While North American consumers seem less concerned about GM foods than Europeans and Japanese, many consumer activists argue that consumers have a “right to know” if what they eat has GM ingredients. Will informative labelling of GM foods lead to major shifts in buying patterns? An experimental study found minimal effects of GM labelling overall but significant differential reactions to GM-labelled products across consumers with differing levels of consumer activism, perceived benefits of genetic engineering, and interest in novel foods with consumer benefits.     

商界小说的权力欲望叙事

近20年来,伴随着中国社会文化语境的逐步开放和现代性思潮的日益扩展,欲望叙事获得越来越多的表征空间。基于此,商界小说的权力欲望叙事一方面着力描摹"权力崇拜"世相,展现权力追逐的"夷平性"——就像金钱可以以低俗为标准"夷平"低俗和高贵一样;另一方面敏锐刻画权钱交易带来的人性扭曲与异化,在揭示"官商合谋"的权力腐败的同时,进一步挖掘滋生这种现象的文化土壤,警示真正规范有序的市场经济运行机制构建的艰巨性,凸显出较强的文化批判的力量。     

Senior Travelers and Airport Shopping: Deepening Repurchase Decision-making Theory

Despite the importance of the seniors market, little is known about international senior tourists' post-purchasing behaviors in the airport-shopping industry. The aims of this study were to attain a better comprehension of these customers' repurchase decision formation by employing a Theory of Repurchase Decision-making (TRD) and identify differences in the proposed theoretical framework between senior and non-senior travelers. A field survey was conducted to collect data at international airports. Results of a structural model showed that the TRD has an excellent ability to predict seniors' repurchase intentions; some variables in the model were found to have a significant mediating impact. Additionally, satisfaction was determined to play a prominent role in these decisions. Finally, findings from the test for metric invariance revealed that the proposed theoretical framework significantly differed across senior and non-senior tourist groups, verifying the moderating impact of age. Implications for both researchers and practitioners are discussed.     

Consumption effects of genetic modification: what if consumers are right?⋆

This paper develops a model of differentiated consumers to examine the consumption effects of genetic modification (GM) under alternative labelling regimes and segregation enforcement scenarios. Analytical results show that if consumers perceive GM products as being different than their traditional counterparts, GM affects consumer welfare and, thus, consumption decisions. When the existence of market imperfections in one or more stages of the supply chain prevents the transmission of cost savings associated with the new technology to consumers, GM results in welfare losses for consumers. The analysis shows that the relative welfare ranking of the ‘no labelling’ and ‘mandatory labelling’ regimes depends on: (i) the level of consumer aversion to GM products; (ii) the size of marketing and segregation costs under mandatory labelling; (iii) the share of the GM product in total production; and (iv) the extent to which GM products are incorrectly labelled as non‐GM products.     

农户参与生态补偿项目意愿的定量测度研究

从甘肃省陇南市农户的自身意愿出发,结合180份调查问卷,通过Logistic回归分析方法,对影响农户参与退耕还林项目意愿的因素进行分析的结果表明:调查地区的农户更多地希望补偿的多种搭配方式,而非单一的资金和实物补偿;陇南市贫困地区农户的人力资本和物质资本每增加一个单位,农户参与退耕还林项目的可能性比不参与的可能性分别增加0.22和0.14,并据此提出了今后在该类区域生态补偿项目中亟需改善的问题。