创业激情:情绪视角的创业研究综述

认知角度的创业研究已相当成熟,而情绪视角的研究才刚刚起步,创业激情在创业中的作用备受关注。综述了创业激情的内涵、测量、影响结果、作用机制以及创业激情的来源,发现现有研究还存在以下问题:内涵模糊、测量工具不完善、影响和作用机制缺乏系统性、来源不明确。在此基础上构建了创业激情研究的整合模型,提出采用案例分析方法对个体、团队、组织层面的创业激情进行界定,从激情本质出发,开发新量表,对创业激情的负面效应给予关注,未来研究可探讨创业激情对创业结果中介机制间的交互作用,并根据不同创业类型对创业激情进行跨文化分析。     

政策支持、创业激情与技术创业成功：政策感知的调节作用

为了厘清政策支持对技术创业成功的作用机制,将创业激情作为中介变量、政策感知作为调节变量,构建政策支持影响技术创业成功的理论模型,并结合云南地区291家技术创业企业数据开展实证研究。结果表明：政策支持促进技术创业成功;政策支持通过激发技术创业者创业激情进而促进技术创业成功;政策感知强化政策支持对技术创业成功的正向影响,同时增强政策支持对创业激情的正向影响,对创业激情的中介过程具有调节作用,即在不同水平政策感知下,创业激情的中介效用存在明显差异。     

创业型领导对追随者创造力的影响

采用201位领导者-追随者调研数据,以组织支持理论为基础,从工作情境和非工作情境两条路径,分析创业型领导通过工作激情和心理脱离对追随者创造力的影响机理,同时探究内隐追随对两条路径的调节效应。结果表明：创业型领导对创造力有显著正向预测作用,工作激情与心理脱离在创业型领导和创造力之间起中介作用。内隐追随在创业型领导与工作激情的情境路径中,以及在创业型领导与心理脱离非工作情境路径中均起正向调节作用,同时,内隐追随也调节工作激情和心理脱离的中介效应。研究结果揭示了不同情境传导机制下,创业型领导对追随者创造力正向作用的一致性,也丰富了创业型领导个体层面后果变量研究。     

Romancing the alpaca: Passionate consumption, collection, and companionship

With their inquisitive nature, apparent intelligence, and aesthetic appeal, alpacas draw humans to them. This article spotlights alpaca breeders in an exploration of collecting as passionate consumption [BelkRussell, W. Collecting in a Consumer Society. London: Routledge, 1995.] and consumers' relationships with their animal companions [Hirschman Elizabeth. Consumers and their animal companions. Journal of Consumer Research 1994; 20 (March): 616-32.; Holbrook MB. Stephens DL. Day E. Holbrook SM. Strazar G. A collective stereographic photo essay on key aspects of animal companionship: The truth about dogs and cats. Academy of Marketing Science Review 2001; (1) 1-16.]. Multiple data sources provide stories of alpaca ownership. These sources comprise books, newspaper clips, and magazine articles about alpacas, as well as the author's own experiences as an alpaca breeder over the past 10 years. Building from Belk's work on collection, this article both introduces the idea of dynamic-and-transforming collections and illustrates how passionate consumption can lead to rejuvenation and re-enchantment with life. By concentrating on consumption experiences, this work adds to the growing body of consumer research that moves beyond a narrow focus on purchase behavior.     

创业激情、创业学习与农民工创业绩效

创业激情作为个人积极情绪的重要构成部分,是创业实践活动成功的重要因素,创业者具有的激情往往通过一定的创业学习行为才能真正实现企业的绩效。ABO模型提出创业者个人的情绪会影响创业者的学习行为,进而影响创业者的绩效。基于此,文章借鉴ABO理论,基于陕西省889份农民工创业者实地调研数据,结合农民工创业者特点,运用分步回归分析法和结构方程模型验证农民工创业激情、创业学习对创业绩效的影响机理。结果表明:农民工创业激情可以通过身份认同、创新、乐观、心流4个维度进行测度;创业激情中创新和心流对组织绩效和个人绩效均具有直接正向影响,身份认同与乐观只对个人绩效有直接正向影响;农民工创业学习对两类绩效均具有显著正向影响;创业学习在创新、心流与组织绩效、个人绩效之间均起到了中介作用,但在身份认同、乐观与两类绩效之间的中介作用不显著。研究成果可为中国情境下如何提升农民工的学习能力,进而保持其创业激情、提升其创业绩效提供理论参考和实践依据。     

有激情的员工更能创新吗

员工创新绩效是衡量企业创新能力的重要标准。以创造力交互作用观为理论框架,从认知视角考察员工和谐型激情通过创造力自我效能感对创新绩效的作用机制及相应的情境机制。对492份问卷分析发现：和谐型激情对员工创新绩效有正向预测作用;创造力自我效能感中介了和谐型激情与创新绩效的关系;创新氛围感知既调节了和谐型激情与创造力自我效能感的关系,又调节了创造力自我效能感在和谐型激情与创新绩效之间的中介作用。研究结果揭示了员工情感与认知对提高创新绩效的重要意义。     

优势使用何以促进员工创新？和谐式激情与平台型领导的作用

基于自我决定理论,采用三阶段追踪调查数据,构建并验证优势使用对员工创新行为的影响机制,考察和谐式激情的中介作用以及平台型领导的调节作用。通过对341份有效问卷的统计分析发现,和谐式激情在优势使用影响员工创新行为的过程中发挥部分中介作用;平台型领导不仅正向调节优势使用对员工和谐式激情的正向影响,而且正向调节优势使用通过和谐式激情影响员工创新行为的间接效应。     

Assessing customer passion,commitment, and word-of-mouth intentions in digital assistant usage: The moderating role of technology anxiety

Consumers develop a passion for the use of innovations, which is a critical determinant of their success. Research has largely examined drivers of initial acceptance of digital assistants (DAs) and has yet to fully understand the factors driving or deterring consumers’ passion towards DAs and the behavioural outcomes. Drawing on the stimulus-organism-response framework, this study examines a unique set of factors (usefulness, ease of use, privacy concern, and localisation) that act as stimuli to drive an organismic state of passion for DAs, and how this produces behavioural responses of word-of-mouth (WOM) intention and commitment to DA use. The study also examines how technology anxiety moderates passion’s impact on WOM intentions and commitment. The findings show that usefulness, ease of use, privacy concern, and localisation are significant explanatory variables of consumers’ passion towards DAs. Furthermore, passion towards DAs results in WOM intentions and commitment to its use. The findings further show that passion’s effect on DAs in explaining WOM intentions and commitment is weakened by technology anxiety. Lastly, passion is the mediating mechanism through which usefulness, ease of use, privacy concern, and localisation impact WOM intentions and commitment. The implications of these findings for theory and practice are highlighted.     

创业激情、创业拼凑与新企业绩效关系研究

以创业者或团队为研究对象，采用回归分析方法，建立创业激情、创业拼凑与新企业绩效间关系模型，并对研究假设进行检验。研究发现：创业激情显著正向影响新企业绩效，有助于新企业绩效提升；创业拼凑显著影响新企业绩效；创业激情与创业拼凑具有正向关系，同时创业拼凑在创业激情与新企业绩效间发挥部分中介作用。     

Passion for entrepreneurship or passion for the product? A conjoint analysis of angel and VC decision-making

Passion is important to venture investors, but what specifically do they want entrepreneurs to be passionate about? This study theorizes that angel investors and venture capitalists consider both entrepreneurs' passion for activities related to the product or service the venture provides (i.e., product passion) and passion for founding and developing new ventures (i.e., entrepreneurial passion). We demonstrate that both types of passion become more appealing when the investor perceives that the entrepreneur is highly open and receptive to feedback, suggesting that openness to feedback mitigates potential concerns associated with passion in its extremes. We further find that venture investors differ in their consideration of passion; angel investors and venture capitalists with more investing experience place greater emphasis on the combination of product passion and openness to feedback, whereas those with more entrepreneurial experience emphasize the combination of entrepreneurial passion and openness to feedback.