一种无线网络中基于ARQ的拥塞控制方法

提出了一种适用于无线网络的基于多拒绝自动请求重传（ARQ）算法的拥塞控制方法。谊方法结合随机早探洲（RED）算法，通过ARQ发送窗口和分割队列长度以及重传率进行拥塞控制。仿真表明，这种方法能预测链路拥塞，反馈链路拥塞程度，提高链路吞吐率。     

一种支持VoIP语音高优先级传输的WLAN系统设计

针对无线局域网（WLAN）多址接入的特点以及VoIP业务自身的质量要求，提出了一种设计方法，将上下行数据发送分离，支持实时业务的上下行对等传输，同时通过一种改进的早期随机检测（RED）算法，实现基于语音抖动参数的流量控制，为语音业务提供QoS保证。     

The economic costs of avoided deforestation in the developing world: A meta-analysis

This meta-analysis aims to identify the key factors governing the economic costs of avoided deforestation in developing countries. To this end, data were collected from 32 primary studies published between 1995 and 2012, yielding 277 observations. Results show that unit costs depend significantly on cost features like estimation methodology, inclusion or exclusion of cost components, carbon accounting method, area size, alternative land uses and beneficiaries, time horizon, and the continent in which the forest protection scheme is implemented, but also factors like the share of agriculture in a nation's economy play a significant role in explaining unit costs. In future studies, greater attention needs to be paid to additional cost components like transaction costs and the presence of the co-benefits of avoided deforestation.     

AN ECONOMIC APPRAISAL OF THE IMPACT OF TRAFFIC DIVERSION – THE N1 TOLL ROAD AND ITS ALTERNATIVE

This paper investigates two alternative roads running parallel to one another; one being a double‐carriageway national road that was tolled 4 years ago and the other being an inter‐city single‐carriageway road. The purpose of the paper is to test the application of the World Bank‐developed Road Economic Decision (RED) model for assessing the economic impact of traffic diversion between two existing alternative roads. In order to do so, the RED model is first used to conduct a cost–benefit analysis of each road in isolation. Thereafter, the model is used to do a scenario analysis followed by a sensitivity analysis. The results show that the RED model is a useful tool for evaluating the impact on society of diverted traffic between alternative roads elsewhere in South Africa.