江苏省赣榆县灌区农民用水者协会管理模式探讨

针对当前农村灌区用水水费管理混乱的问题,以江苏省赣榆县灌区用水农民用水者协会管理模式实践为例,介绍当前灌区用水农民用水者协会管理模式现状及试行该模式后取得的主要成效,对水费收缴方式、水价改革、用水管理模式作了初步探索,分析制约协会管理模式发展的主要因素,对其可持续发展前景进行了展望并提出相应建议。     

A Welcome Revolution in Innovation

This review considers a major new book on von Hippel’s concept of user innovation. Von Hippel’s work has led to a welcome revolution in the economics of innovation. When producers are the innovators, there is an important difference in the interests of innovators and users. This can lead to dysfunctional innovation, especially in mature markets that are monopolised. In contrast, when users innovate, there are no such problems, as the innovator and the user are the same. User innovation can help enhance the power of innovation in wealth creation, and this edited collection helps to establish user innovation as a fully fledged field of the economics of innovation.     

Users expectations and the need for differential beach management frameworks along the Costa Brava: Urban vs. natural protected beaches

Beaches are social–ecological systems where plainly physical, ecological, social and economic dimensions interact, providing several functions and services leading to improved human well-being. Although these systems can provide several protective, recreational and natural functions, only recreation has been traditionally prioritized by managers. This has led to the homogenization of beach management practices, which are poorly adapted to beach settings and beach users. While public participation was highly encouraged, decision-making has traditionally been done by a single stakeholder following a strict hierarchic order. In two antagonistic beaches (natural protected vs. urban) we assess and compare users’ expectations and perceptions that could suggest the necessity of a differential management. Behind an apparent homogeneity, significant differences were detected between these two antagonistic beaches. Although certain normal preferences were common in both beaches, natural attributes were the priority in the natural protected setting, as well as facilities in the urban one. However, the influence of traditional mass tourism model on users’ expectations was undeniable. Particular management frameworks for beaches with singular natural characteristics are necessary. A special emphasis on education and information is needed, as a cornerstone for a sustainable use of these social–ecological systems.     

基于信息使用者的审计报告质量特征体系之构建

审计报告质量是审计质量的综合体现,直接影响到审计信息使用者的决策、审计机构及人员审计风险的扩展与释放,法律责任的承担等。本文通过研究,试图构建我国的审计报告质量特征体系,以期对审计报告质量进行评判,进一步提升审计质量,增强审计信息相关性,弥合审计期望差距,使审计与其信息使用者实现良性互动。     

Shaping user-side innovation through standardisation: The example of ICT

This paper looks at the relations that exist between standardisation and user-side innovation in ICT. Some necessary background information are followed by a discussion of how standards and user-side innovations are shaped. A mutual influence between standardisation and innovation can be identified. To avoid the emergence of standards that are beneficial only for a handful of users a co-ordinated representation of users in standards setting is suggested.     

Is television advertising being placed to reach product users?

Several textbooks, journal articles, and advertising practitioners indicate that the advertising for many products should be directed toward the heavy users of the product category. Other works suggest that advertising should be directed at current users of a brand to retain them or to users of competitive brands in an effort to attract them. The purpose of this article is to compare these directions for how advertising should be placed with data showing how advertising is being placed. The comparison is made using supermarket scanner panel data and household advertising exposure data. Examples are also provided to indicate the extent to which advertising could be targeted to heavy users of the product category and users of a brand, given the actual viewing and consumption patterns. Several implications for the placement of advertising are discussed.     

技术标准设定中的技术使用者协同研究

技术使用者参与技术标准设定有益于制标者规避技术标准创新"死亡之谷"的风险及技术使用者使用兼容性的技术标准。为保证制标者充分协同技术使用者参与技术标准设定活动,应着力从两个方面入手,即识别与引导技术使用者、获取与协调技术使用者需求。研究可以为我国企业成功设定技术标准及实施追赶战略提供理论与实践依据。     

关于固原东部农村饮水安全重点供水工程运行管理办法

文中对固原东部农村饮水安全重点供水工程管理办法进行表述,提出意见建议,为其他较大型人畜饮水安全工程提供借鉴和推广。     

开放式创新社区中用户交互反馈对个体创新贡献度的影响

开放社区中的用户交互反馈是用户创新活动的重要组成部分,基于需求满足理论,研究其他用户反馈对个体创新贡献度的影响。结合典型开放式产品设计社区——Local Motors平台,采用数据挖掘方法,从数量、质量和情感3个方面研究开放式创新社区中FOU对个体创新贡献度的影响。结果表明,反馈数量和质量均对个体创新贡献度有显著影响,其中反馈次数对个体创新贡献度有显著正向影响,反馈率和反馈人员多样性对个体创新贡献度有显著负向影响,反馈长度和反馈支持文件对个体创新贡献度没有影响,正向情感倾向在用户反馈和个体创新贡献度之间无任何调节作用。     

Shaping user-side innovation through standardisation: The example of ICT

This paper looks at the relations that exist between standardisation and user-side innovation in ICT. Some necessary background information are followed by a discussion of how standards and user-side innovations are shaped. A mutual influence between standardisation and innovation can be identified. To avoid the emergence of standards that are beneficial only for a handful of users a co-ordinated representation of users in standards setting is suggested.