上市公司利润泡沫的剖析

利润是企业经营成果的集中体现,也是衡量企业经营管理业绩的主要指标之一。随着财务报告信息在市场经济中地位的不断提升,部分上市公司为了寻求对自己有利的财务成果,不惜一切手法操纵利润,甚至采用欺诈手段不合法地调整企业的利润,形成了泡沫利润,损害了投资者的利益,影响了我国证券市场的正常发展。本文针对目前上市公司财务报表的利润浮夸现象,就企业泡沫利润的形成原因、手段进行分析,并对如何识别泡沫利润的手段提出了初浅的看法,最后提出了相应的防范措施。     

论利用工程量清单来控制工程造价

由于我国开始实行工程量清单计价方法进行工程招投标,完善的工程量清单对控制工程造价具有重要影响,因此必须在工程设计阶段、施工招投标阶段做好工作,编制出准确、完整的建设项目工程量清单.     

浅论工程量清单计价模式下施工组织设计的编制

通过介绍工程量清单计价模式的特点，分析了施工组织设计在工程量清单计价模式下的重要性，并对其编制方法进行了探讨。     

会计学原理精品课程教学创新——以人为本教学原则的探索及成果

专业课教学如何体现“以人为本”,这是会计教学面临的新课题。近年来,我们实行了给予学生选择教师权利的挂牌教学法促进学生个性发展的教学科研化方法,创新探索了学生自我评价及自发的经验学习等方法进行了创新与探索,取得了显著成效。本文对此进行介绍,对其对会计教学改革提供参考。     

Trade-off relationship between modern agriculture and biodiversity: Heavy consolidation work has a long-term negative impact on plant species diversity

Human-driven land-use changes often cause a decline in biodiversity. Although traditional agricultural practices maintained biodiversity at high levels, recent land-use changes may have negative consequences on species composition. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that land consolidation, which is a major recent land-use change in agricultural areas, decreases plant species diversity over the long term (the so-called negative legacy). To test this hypothesis, we examined the relationships between consolidated areas and the occurrence of threatened plant species across Japan and at the prefecture scale. Twenty-three threatened plant species were selected, all of which were formerly common. Our results show that areas containing records of threatened plant species rarely experienced consolidation at whole-country and prefectural scales. Breakdown analysis showed that unconsolidated agricultural areas contained significantly more threatened species than consolidated agricultural areas. These results suggest that threatened plant species require unconsolidated agricultural areas (i.e., these species could not grow in consolidated areas). Thus, we propose that consolidation history could be used as an indicator of the potential for biodiversity recovery. We also suggest that consolidated agricultural areas should be used for food production rather than for the restoration of biodiversity, for reasons of cost efficiency.     

上市动机、投资者情绪与首次公开募股市场收益

文章以发行人筹资收益最大化为假设,对市场热季周期下发行人、承销商与投资人三者之间的博弈过程以及投资者情绪对首次公开募股(IPO)市场定价的影响机制进行研究.研究结果表明,发行人最优发行数量小于市场需求数量、承销商定价低于市场需求价格的目的在于确保发行成功和获取日后收益;投资者高亢的投资情绪可以对IPO市场短期收益正偏和长期收益负偏成为普遍现象进行解释.     

Determinants of restaurant's owners/managers selection of wines to be offered on the wine list

The aim of the paper is to better understand wine list design in restaurants in four countries with very different wine cultures. An interview protocol was developed and administered to 286 restaurants across the four countries (France, Australia, USA and China). The interview questionnaire included a Best/Worst methodology to identify the most/least important factors influencing the restaurant's owner/manager's selection of wine for the wine list. One of the most important reasons for selecting wine across most countries is ‘to match wine with the food menu’. There were few major differences between countries, but a latent class analysis found four clusters that differed significantly with membership also differing between countries. The cluster analysis also indicated that while some restaurateurs are more brand-driven, others value local wine or its matching with the food menu.     

风险投资异质性与政府补贴创新效应——“锦上添花”还是“画蛇添足”?

在中国实现“创新大国”转向“创新强国”的政策背景下,增强企业创新需要政府和风险资本市场的积极支持。本文采取多元回归分析方法,以2009—2016年中国554家创业板上市公司为样本,研究政府补贴对企业创新“数量”和“质量”的影响。结果显示：政府补贴对企业创新“数量”和“质量”均有显著的促进作用;创新数量在政府补贴对创新质量的影响中起部分中介效应。进一步研究发现,风险投资异质性对政府补贴创新效应具有显著调节作用,其中风险投资的参与会减弱政府补贴对创新质量的正向影响,是“画蛇添足”的行为;国有背景风险投资的参与能显著增强政府补贴对创新质量的正向影响,是“锦上添花”的行为。本文拓展了政府补贴对企业创新影响的研究,丰富了宏观经济政策与微观企业行为的相关文献。本文的研究结论为理性认识国家创新驱动发展战略背景下政府补贴的创新效应,充分发挥风险资本市场的积极效应,实现政府和市场的双重驱动提供了经验证据。     

政府补助企业的主要动机研究——基于我国A股上市公司面板数据的实证检验

上市公司获得的政府补助数额巨大且逐年增长,引起了广泛的质疑,而现有研究对政府补助企业的动机尚无一致的结论。基于理性经济人理论,考虑制度更改和环境变化的影响,以2007—2015年我国上市公司为研究样本,实证检验政府补助企业的主要动机,结果表明：政府补助企业的主要动机在于扩大就业和帮助上市公司“保牌”,最终目的是促进经济的增长;而增加税收和帮助上市公司达到配股要求不是政府补助企业主要考虑的因素,也没有明显证据证明国有企业比民营企业更容易获得政府补助。应完善资本市场退市制度,加强对政府补助的审批和监管,提高政府补助的资源配置效率,并积极引导政府补助发挥更好的社会效益。     

Modelling Long Distance Pleasure Travel Mode Using Perceived Modal Attributes

Modelling transport choice behaviour traditionally has been addressed using objective measures of attribute data: price, time, etc. The authors argue that actual brand attributes may not be a good casual influence on consumer choice of long distance tourism travel. Choice is more likely to be a function of brand perceptions or brand image, which in turn is a function of past experience, expectations, promotional influences, family life stage and other personal factors. The authors re-examine data gathered in 1985 on tourist travel between Perth and Sydney or Melbourne, Australia; about 2400 miles. The authors model actual behaviour in terms of market share as a function of respondents' perceptions of travel mode attributes using a customised Multinomial Logit program which develops separate explanatory models for identified market segments. Results demonstrate the improvement in predictability over non-segmented models. Implications for tourism operators in promotions, product design and market targeting are discussed.