Interviewers,Interviewer Continuity,and Panel Survey Nonresponse

It is widely known that in practice, different interviewers have different response rates, though there has been no systematic examination of whether this is because of differences among interviewers or differences among those areas allocated to the interviewers (area effects), or both. Furthermore, the conventional wisdom in survey research suggests that it is advisable to have the same interviewers return to the same respondents in order to maintain good response rates in longitudinal surveys, though once again there has been very little documented experimental research to support this. This paper makes use of the interpenetrated sample design experiment in Wave 2 of the British Household Panel Study (BHPS) (i) to explore the effects of interviewers' background characteristics and years of experience on response rates, (ii) to identify and estimate the differential effects of interviewers on response rates and compare the magnitudes of area and interviewer effects, and (iii) to investigate the impact of interviewer continuity. The analysis is facilitated by the use of cross-classified multilevel modelling. The paper also looks at the issue of interviewer continuity qualitatively, through the impressions of the interviewers themselves.     

基于步行连续性的城市健身步道空间 挖掘与选线设计研究——以青岛主城四区 为例

高连续性路径空间是步行健身行为高效性与安全性 的重要保障。当前城市建设中,能够被大众高效利用的健身 步道呈碎片化分布,全民健身导向下亟须在现有城市空间中 进行高连续性的步道网络化构建。以青岛主城四区为例,基 于连续性目标,通过对OSM数据的爬取与处理,形成适于连 续度赋值的城市基础路网数据。挖掘具有高连续性特征的铁 路沿线、高架走廊、滨河沿海、环景观外边界路径等潜力空 间融入步道选线设计,提出与地铁站点相结合的高连续性选 线技术路线。基于ArcGIS网络分析计算成本最小路径,兼顾 路口等级及公园、绿地、湖泊等自然资源的紧邻性进行步道 选线规划,并从连续度水平、便捷可达性、环境舒适性、空 间多元性几方面对选线结果进行探讨。该选线途径有助于提 升城市步行运动环境的健身利用效能,为实现高连续性的健 身步道网络构建提供设计支持。     

传统社会主义道路的传延与变革

党的第一代领导集体开辟了社会主义道路,对中国社会主义现代化建设做出了重大贡献。在改革开放的新时期,我们党又开辟了中国特色社会主义道路;由于它对党的第一代领导集体开辟的社会主义道路的继承和发展,产生出了传统社会主义道路。传统社会主义道路的创造,表明了党的各代领导集体是社会主义传统的继承者和维护者,显示了中国社会主义理论和实践的历史连续性。     

Lagrange插值多项式平均算子的逼近

本文引入以第二类 Chebyshev 多项式 U_n(x)的零点为基点的 Lagrange 插值多项式平均算子 F_n(f,x),研究用 F_n(f,x)逼近连续函数 f(x)的阶。     

电子商务三维信用模型设计与应用

电子商务三维信用风险分析模型,是有关电子商务三方互动模型的基本设定和表达.根据现实情况,可将电子商务三维信用风险分析模型转换为三维信用博弈模型或三维信用连续模型.应用三维信用连续模型,对某电子商务平台上的交易信用数据进行模型示例,结果表明：三维信用连续模型基本可以动态表达交易三方的信用水平分布的变化状态.     

Attitude and consciousness of Japanese men and women towards career commitment and continuity: the role of expected change in HRM policies

A survey was conducted on 302 working men and women in Japanese private firms and local government organization anrl 51 non-working Japanese women to examine the attitude and consciousness towards career commitment and continuity if organizations adopt some policy formulations in more relaxed ways to accommodate, particularly, Japanese women in the workplace. Many studies have well documented that women’s passive attitude towards career commitment and continuity, as compared to that of men, is the outcome of discriminatory HRM policies and practices in the internal labour market. The ANOVA results show that the attitude on the policy relating to work–home harmonization differs significantly between men and women. As compared to working women, non-working women would have a more positive attitude to career commitment and continuity if a work-home harmonization policy wcre adopted. The ANOVA results also reveal that men and women have shown an almost similar attitude to pay structure and, thus, the integrated corporate pay structure can help in developing women’s attitude and consciousness towards career commitment and continuity, but women cannot share equally with their male counterparts as regards the policy of career development; rather, they are demanding job security, distributive justice and career counselling in the workplace.     

MODELLING THE ADAPTATION OF BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLANNING BY BUSINESSES USING NEURAL NETWORKS

Business continuity planning is an important element of business continuity management and is regarded as a fundamental step towards reducing the negative impacts of business disruptions caused by internal and external hazardous events. Many businesses are not prepared for such events, and very few studies have tried to examine and model the factors that contribute to business continuity management planning by various companies. In this paper we propose and develop a feed‐forward neural network for modelling businesses continuity planning by businesses based on a dataset of 283 businesses operating in the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada. The fully connected neural network applied was trained on 65 % of the dataset records using different subsets of input variables. In order to preserve the generalization ability of the trained network, 15 % of the dataset records were used as a validation set for early stopping during the network's training process. Prediction capability of the trained networks was evaluated on 20 % and never‐seen records of the dataset. The classification ability of the networks was then analysed using receiver operating characteristic and detection error trade‐off curves, where the results obtained were promising. The equal error rate for the best models was 12 %, which reflects a very good accuracy of these models in predicting the existence of business continuity planning for a generic company. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三角Bezier曲面光滑拼接研究

文章在研究三角Bezier曲面原理的基础上,提出在曲面绘制阶段采用一种新的明暗处理算法,这种明暗处理算法综合了Gouroud算法处理速度快的优点和Phong算法对法矢量进行插值优化的思想,并且该算法采用法矢量二次插值方法,用此法矢量代替原三角片的线性法矢量参与光照计算,可构造出视觉连续的三角Bezier曲面。此算法简单可靠,并可推广到高次三角Bezier曲面的光滑拼接。     

中国资本流对中美贸易逆差的影响

本文从中国银行信贷和海外上市公司融资额两股资本流变化对中美贸易逆差影响的新角度,分析了中美贸易逆差未来的可持续性问题。文章揭示了两个方面的内容:首先通过实证分析得到了中国目前的资本流变化是维持中美贸易逆差上升原因之一的结论,并据历史经验等分析方法,预计了资本项目的开放对美国目前以资本顺差融资高消费这一循环过程将有平缓的促进作用;另一方面本文从未来投资者投资偏好的转向,及公债供应国未来可能出现的金融行为逆转两方面分析了中国政府对美国公债的购买这一投资策略的可持续性。文章最后从国际合作、共赢、共荣的角度,提出了解决该问题的突破口。     

Reducing crimes against wildlife through promoting animal–human continuity beliefs: The role of consumers' religiosity

Wildlife crime is a worldwide issue, but marketing research has been mostly silent on the topic. In particular, research has yet to understand how a consumer's level of religiosity may help to explain views toward and participation in crimes against wildlife. Thus, through three studies, these challenges are addressed. Study 1 shows that religiosity positively influences acceptability views and participation in crimes against wildlife, and this relationship is mediated by animal–human continuity beliefs (i.e., believing animals and humans are one of the same). Study 2 primes religion to show that religiously primed consumers are more likely to view crimes against wildlife as acceptable, thereby supporting religiosity as a primary mechanism in explaining crimes against wildlife. Additionally, animal–human continuity beliefs again mediate this relationship, with religiously primed consumers reporting lower animal–human continuity beliefs. Lastly, Study 3 provides practical implications through marketing messaging aimed at reducing attitudes toward and participation in crimes against wildlife. Findings reveal that religious-based messaging is the most effective. Findings build on belief congruence theory and provide implications for marketing practice and the preservation of wildlife.