Agglomeration Effects versus Policy Effects: The Case of the Electronics Industry in Malaysia

The present study analyses investments within the Malaysian electronics industry in 1991 to assess the effectiveness of development policy in light of strong agglomeration effects in the electronics industry. We find that agglomeration and the use of industrial estates as development policy have had positive effects on firms' location choice. However, agglomeration has a much larger effect than industrial estates. In addition, we find that the marginal effect of industrial estates is positively correlated with the degree of agglomeration. This suggests that improvement of problems of regional inequality by industry estates would be very difficult in reality.     

基于钻石模型对江苏省电子产业的核心竞争力分析

电子产业作为江苏省的支柱产业之一,其发展对江苏省具有重要意义。根据波特的“钻石模型”,从生产要素、需求条件、企业的战略与竞争的时空背景、相关与支持性产业、政府支持、机遇六个方面对江苏省电子产业的核心竞争力进行了分析,以期通过分析,明确江苏省电子产业的地位,为正确制定江苏省电子产业发展战略,提升江苏省电子产业竞争力提供研究基础。     

Technology assessment: Impact of high-tech engineering research on energy consumption

A technology assessment (TA) program was launched in Switzerland in 1991. One project in the series of pilot projects was meant to assess the impact of so-called LESIT technologies on energy consumption. (LESIT was a priority research program and a German acronym for power electronics, systems and information technology.) In this paper the institutional environment, applied methods and main results of the TA study are summarised. One of the questions that arose was whether it is reasonable to expect a high-tech engineering research program to serve any societal goals other than the more immediate technical and economic goals the research partners in university and industry are accustomed to follow. It was found that without special efforts this expectation was not realistic. Politically desirable goals are best served when enough emphasis, time, and money are given to the process of bringing together research partners from academia and industry who all have a (self-serving) interest in furthering the politically desirable goal and then support their collaboration.     

高职电子专业实践教学的现状及对策

我国许多中职学校在职业教育规模扩张阶段升格成为高职院校,随之带来了软、硬性实践教学条件薄弱,实践教学内容缺乏适用性,实践教学管理机制不健全等阻碍院校现阶段内涵提升的突出问题,文章以电子专业为例详尽分析并提出解决对策。     

Patent indicators for monitoring convergence - examples from NFF and ICT

The blurring of boundaries between hitherto distinct scientific disciplines, technologies or markets is a common and powerful phenomenon. Concentrating on monitoring convergence through patent indicators, we discuss convergence with examples from the area of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods (NFF)/Cosmeceuticals as well as information technologies, consumer electronics, and telecommunications (ICT). We analyze 7455 scientific and patent references on phytosterols with the aid of SciFinder Scholar and 3836 documents employing STN AnaVist. Furthermore, we test an IPC co-classification based approach on 859,469 ICT-related and 341,846 NFF-related patents. Our results show clear indications for convergence and a proof of principle for our monitoring concept. Academics may better evaluate environmental parameters, like cases of convergence, influencing companies' actions. Implications for practitioners are based on a more reliable assessment prior to the forming of strategic alliances or mergers and acquisitions. This could help avoid costly adventures such as the mergers and acquisitions seen in ICT.     

Managing political imperatives in war time: strategic responses of Philips in Australia, 1939–1945

The Australian subsidiary of Dutch multi-national enterprise Philips came under secret service surveillance and faced risk of government takeover as enemy property during World War II. It was also excluded from Australian government contracts for war-related communications equipment at a time when it was forced to reduce civilian production. These threats to its assets and operations required the firm to develop an adaptive corporate strategy in order to respond to the political imperatives it faced; not just minimising political risk, but also taking advantage of the opportunities that war-related production offered during the war years and after.     

电子制造类高技能人才定向培养模式的研究与实践——以南京电子学会电子装联定向班为例

随着我国电子制造产业的迅速发展和电子保有量的迅速增长，电子制造业高技能人才需求激增与电子行业高素质从业人员严重不足的矛盾日益凸显。电子从业人员数量不足、整体素质不高已成为制约我国电子制造产业发展的一大瓶颈。企业化定向培养方案、企业化职业指导和“岗位型”实习形式或可较好地构建起全新的育人模式，有利于探索具有区域特色、符合江苏电子制造产业发展需要的高技能人才专门化培养的全新模式。     

The property requirements of knowledge‐based industries

Summary

An analysis of the property requirements of modern industries such as those in the electronics, pharmaceutical and chemical fields, based on detailed interviewing of over 70 companies, is presented. The factors influencing locational choice are considered, as are the specific features of notional industrial schemes. The key points which emerged from the study include: there is no single type of property suitable for all knowledge‐based companies although generally they can be accommodated in existing premises. Location is the most important factor with relatively little importance attached to the particular building scheme. Locational importance derives largely from the need to be close to a highly skilled labour pool. Close proximity to academic centres is only important to a small number of knowledge‐based companies and is not as significant as has been claimed. Flexibility is important in a variety of ways, in terms of space utilization, expansion capabilities and lease structuring.     

China＇s Industrial Policy in Relation to Electronics Manufacturing

China has become the biggest exporter of electronic products in the world. Government policy intervention has contributed significantly to the rapid expansion of the electronics industry. The present paper examines the evolutionary development of industrial policies related to the electronics industry in China and the impacts of such policies on the shaping of the industry. In particular, the relationship between foreign funded enterprises and domestic firms are examined in detail. The future trend of the industry is also discussed in the paper, and the policy focus of the Chinese Government is predicted.     

论日本电子企业的衰落及其启示

日本消费电子产品曾以其质量过硬、产品新颖而备受世界消费者的喜爱,而如今,市场上却很少看到日本电子巨头索尼、松下、夏普等的消费电子产品,日本消费电子产品霸主地位逐渐消失。近几年,日本电子类产品的出口规模一直在收缩,2011财年,索尼、松下、夏普均出现巨额亏损。日本电子企业衰落的原因主要是:缺乏创新的国际视野和思维,企业员工老龄化严重,忽视消费者的实际需求,产品多元化战略造成产品成本增加、企业资源分散以及竞争对手不断兴起等。我国电子企业正处于快速发展时期,但也面临与日本电子企业相似的情况,应吸取日本电子企业衰落的经验教训,树立先进的创新观,坚持"产品以人为本"的理念,不断创新用人机制,以差异化战略突破多元化弊端获取竞争优势。。