粤商发展历史简论

粤商是诞生和发展于岭南地区,然后扩散到国内各地区、世界各国家的商帮。岭南的历史文化滋养了粤商;近代中国的开放推动了粤商的崛起;20世纪前期民族工商业的振兴,使粤商获得了较好的发展机遇。粤商在成长、发展、壮大和转型的过程中,形成了自身独特的历史文化特色。     

浅析我国"红顶商人"现象

“红顶商人”是市场经济不成熟的产物。“红顶商人”与民争利 ,利用特权敛聚财富 ,不但严重破坏市场经济秩序而且滋生政治腐败。要彻底清除“红顶商人”现象 ,应采取促进民主政治建设、制定“国家公务员法”、规范行业协会行为、增加地方财政收入和加强监督力度等有力措施。     

Policy‐related implementational fluidity in subsistence marketplaces

This paper sheds light on policy‐related implementational fluidity—a context‐dependent adaptation of policies—adopted by policy implementers to address heterogeneous needs of subsistence consumer‐merchants (SCMs). In subsistence research, despite the emphasis on bottom‐up policymaking, implementational fluidity persists because of institutional and sociocultural factors that hinder policy implementers’ from effectively and accurately implementing the policies. To enrich the current bottom‐up policy process, this paper shares insights from an ethnographic study of Fijian market traders and marketplace personnel (policy implementers) and shares insights on how implementational fluidity manifests in subsistence marketplaces. Analysis reveals the interplay amongst sociohistorical context, marketplace relational dynamics and policies leading to policy adjustments and re‐negotiation by marketplace personnel and perceived injustices amongst the SCMs. The paper provides policy recommendations and practice ideas for subsistence researchers and policy practitioners to examine policy implementation gaps and the role of policy implementers in subsistence marketplaces.     

Shanxi Merchants’ Multilevel Financial System in Ming and Qing Dynasties,China

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368–1911), China saw rapid development in industrial and commercial sectors. Over this period, a group of merchants originating from the inland province of Shanxi gradually built a multilevel financial system and became leaders in China’s banking sector. The system of financial institutions they established (pawnshops, seal shops, money shops, loan banks, and draft banks) each had a unique business model, with specific target client group and carefully designed risk management. They were also interconnected to allow for flexible capital flows, contributing to the fast economic growth in this period. Nevertheless, the traditional system also had limitations, leading to its replacement by modern banks eventually.     

产权安全视角下的晋商兴衰研究

突破以往从传统文化、委托代理关系、机制设计等角度对晋商兴衰的解释,利用重复博弈模型从产权安全角度分析晋商兴衰的原因,指出产权安全在晋商兴衰中的核心作用。在此基础上,进一步分析政府和机制设计等因素在产权安全中的重要地位。政府既是产权安全的重要供给者,也是产权安全的主要破坏者。同时,自我设计的产权安全机制和行会等第三方力量也能在较大程度上保护产权安全,维护社会稳定。     

浙商创牌思维与品牌管理之道

本文全面总结了浙商“从无到有，从贴到创”的创牌之路，并剖析了浙商在创区域品牌、国内优秀品牌和国际品牌过程中所展现出来的独特创牌思维与品牌管理之道。     

浙商:成长背景、群体特征及其未来走向

浙商是当代中国人数最多、分布最广、实力最强的一个投资者、经营者群体,是推动浙江经济发展和创造“浙江现象”的主力军。本文分析了浙商成长的社会经济背景,概括了浙商的群体特征,探讨了浙商的未来走向。     

基于人文特性的越商研究

越商是改革开放以后崛起的商人群体,它是浙商的重要组成部分。目前学术界对浙商的研究较为深入,但对越商的研究才刚刚开始。本文基于人文特性视角研究了越商的起源,越商的精神气质,越商的传承和越商的未来发展趋势,着重阐述了越商的精神特征。     

浙商竞争优势的主观要件及其逻辑构造

浙商的竞争优势主要不在物质条件而在主观要素。本文对经久不衰的浙商竞争优势的主观成因作了深入阐释。文章指出:求富意识、创新意识和学习意识是浙商竞争优势精神体系的主要构件,在这个精神体系内,三大要件是内生性的,因相互产生的正向效应不断强化。求富意识是创新意识和学习意识的产生之源,创新意识是使求富意识现实化的桥梁和学习意识产生的前提,学习意识不仅增加了创新的持久力,而且提升了学习主体的精神境界和开阔了视野,进一步强化了竞争优势,从而构建起一个无穷上限的发展模式。贯穿整体构造的则是浙商实事求是的精神,其基点是顺应人性,道法自然。     

解读晋商恰克图贸易衰落的深层原因

恰克图贸易的迅速衰落始于1862年签订的《中俄陆路通商条约》,恰克图贸易衰落的原因在于商贸制度不公平、商贸环境恶化、商贸条件的变化、机器大工业发展与西方市场经济的影响。晋帮茶商衰落的深层次原因在于其代表的传统商贸活动方式不适应于社会化大生产和市场经济的发展要求。外国的侵犯和本国政府的腐败是导致其走向衰落的直接诱因。