Exploring the male Chinese tourists’ motivation for commercial sex when travelling overseas: Scale construction and validation

Sex and tourism has long been understudied. Little is known about tourists' motivations for consuming commercial sex while travelling, and even less, if indeed anything, is known about that of Chinese outbound tourists in particular. Based on twenty interviews and two surveys with a sample of 534 male Chinese tourists who had engaged in commercial sex when travelling overseas in the previous 12 months, this study aimed first to explore why male Chinese tourists travelled overseas and purchased commercial sex, and second to construct a comprehensive scale for measuring male tourists’ motivations for overseas commercial sex. With acceptable reliability and validity, the measurement scale yielded in this study consisted of eight motivation dimensions labelled as socialisation, relaxation and escape, travel-related novelty, sexual desire fulfillment/excitement seeking, sex-related learning, sexual mastery, social prestige, and business/pragmatic purpose. Both the theoretical and methodological implications related to the developed scale are also discussed.     

Money, Sex and Happiness: An Empirical Study

The links between income, sexual behavior and reported happiness are studied using recent data on a sample of 16,000 adult Americans. The paper finds that sexual activity enters strongly positively in happiness equations. Higher income does not buy more sex or more sexual partners. Married people have more sex than those who are single, divorced, widowed or separated. The happiness‐maximizing number of sexual partners in the previous year is calculated to be 1. Highly educated females tend to have fewer sexual partners. Homosexuality has no statistically significant effect on happiness.     

Behind closed doors: Sex bias at professional and managerial levels

U.S. companies have made important strides in combating sex discrimination in the workplace over the last two decades, but more subtle forms of sex bias still exist, often in decisions and behaviors that occur behind closed doors. This paper focuses on sex bias at professional and managerial levels. It explores sources of sex bias in the informal culture, selection and recruitment, task assignment, performance appraisal, promotion, and salary allocation, and then suggests action steps to help reduce sex bias in each of these areas.     

陕西构建和谐社会须切实控制出生人口性别比

出生人口性别比保持在正常值域是和谐社会的一个重要基础。陕西出生人口性别比显著高于正常值，且有加剧趋势。将对构建和谐社会带来严重后果，必须采取多种措施进行控制和治理。     

Sex role socialization and perceptions of student academic dishonesty by male and female accounting faculty

We examine differences between male and female accounting faculty members’ perceptions of academic dishonesty and their uses of controls to prevent academically dishonest behaviour. We use socialization concepts to motivate our examination of these differences. Specifically, we find that females generally perceive academic dishonesty to be a more significant problem than do males, females see individual incidences of academic dishonesty as more frequent and more significant than do males, and female academics report they exercise controls to prevent academic dishonesty more frequently than do male academics. These findings are consistent with differential sex role socialization for women and men. We also find that male and female accounting academics’ perceptions converge with professional training and teaching experience, suggesting moderating impacts of professional and/or organizational socialization on perceptions of academic dishonesty. Lastly, we document some differences in how male and female accounting academics respond to known incidences of academically dishonest behaviour.     

Economies of Desire: Sexuality and the Sex Industry in the 21st Century

New data from sex surveys confirm that demand for commercial sex is based on permanent disparities between male and female desire, and is therefore ineradicable. Demand and supply are growing, facilitated by economic growth, the Internet, globalisation and changing sexual attitudes. A key objection to the sex industry is that pornography, lap dancing and prostitution promote rape and other kinds of violence against women. However, the evidence contradicts this contention. The commercial sex industry is impervious to prohibitions and cannot be eliminated. Laws which constrain sellers of sexual services or criminalise purchasers are not evidence‐based, and are bound to fail, wasting public resources.     

大学英语教学——多元化性教育的重要平台

笔者对在大学英语课堂教学中定期开展性教育的课程设计、教学方法、作业的实施以及学生在教学中的反应与意见进行了调查研究。研究发现,在大学英语教学课堂中适时对学生进行性教育,不仅可以培养学生形成正确、健康的性价值观,而且还能使学生在了解西方性文明的同时提高其学习英语的兴趣。由此可见,在我国大学生性教育需求日益凸显的今天,将正确的性知识、性观念、性道德及两性相处的知识融入到大学英语教学中,构筑多元化大学生性教育平台是必要和迫切的。     

中国人口出生性别比的空间计量分析

利用中国2000年人口普查数据中各省市的人口出生性别比数据,定量检验了经济、教育、医疗及计划生育政策等因素对人口出生性别比的影响。人口出生性别比在地理上存在集聚现象,空间地理因素对其影响显著;教育和医疗水平对出生性别比的直接影响较小,但它们会通过空间地理因素、经济和计划生育政策等因素间接影响出生性别比。计划生育政策对人口出生性别比的影响最显著。经济及医疗水平越高出生性别比越低,教育水平越高出生性别比越高,计划生育政策越宽松出生性别比越低。     

中国大城市居民主要死因对死亡性别差异的影响

对 1 999年中国大城市居民分性别的死因分析发现 ,男女死因顺位略有不同。以第三次人口普查的年龄结构为标准 ,对分性别、分疾病的死亡率进行标准化后发现 ,对粗死亡率性别差异贡献最大的死因依次是恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒。进一步分析了肿瘤、心脏病和呼吸系统疾病中的几种疾病死亡率的性别差异     

生育率转变过程中家庭子女性别结构的变化－对人口出生性别比偏高的另一种思考

从新的角度对中国人口出生性别比持续偏高现象的原因与表现进行了分析。指出,人口（生育率下降）与社会（生育中的“性别偏好”）因素均对人口性别结构的变化产生影响。妇女曾生（或存活）子女性别比偏离正常值和具有不同孩子性别组合的家庭分布与构成发生变化,是人口出生性别比失常的另一类“积累性”和“后果性”表现。同时,它们具有方法论意义。