Internal labour markets in the Australian banking industry: their nature prior to the Second World War and their recent decline

This paper uses evidence from late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century personnel records of two Australian banks to examine the nature of internal labour markets prior to the Second World War. It is argued that the industry possessed all the classic features of internal labour markets: limited ports of entry, internal promotion, long careers, and assignment of wages by well-defined rules. The paper then examines the reasons why banks adopted internal labour markets. Finally, the paper examines the recent decline of internal labour markets and examines the role of technological and social changes in this decline.     

杠杆率指标在银行监管中的应用探讨

资本充足率指标在金融衍生产品被大量运用的情况下存在一定的失灵现象,监管部门需要配合运用其他指标联合监测银行机构的资本充足水平。杠杆率指标自身具有的一些特点使其适合成为资本充足率补充性指标,其运用可能对银行经营产生一定影响。为了提高杠杆率指标监管的有效性,可以通过尝试建立揭示不同资产风险特征的杠杆率指标体系,关注杠杆率监管的整体性、差异性、动态性和持续性等方式,对杠杆率监管进行完善。     

The Underground Economy in the Late 1990s: Evading Taxes,or Evading Competition?

This paper studies the driving forces behind the considerable expansion of the underground economy during the late 1990s. I propose a novel explanation for this phenomenon: the sharp increase in market competition worldwide, which reduces prices and profits and drives firms into the shadow economy. Empirical evidence from a panel covering 45 countries from 1995 to 2000 shows that increased competition is indeed correlated with an expansion of the underground economy. The effect is strongest in low-tax, high-corruption countries that do not provide the public services which make it worthwhile for firms to remain official despite growing competitive pressure.     

制度变迁下国有商业银行农村服务网络演化——以农业银行兰考县支行为例

经济转轨背景下农村的银行服务网络呈现出不同于城市的演化特征。从制度变迁角度建构分析框架,基于历史、调查与访谈数据,以农业银行兰考县支行为例,探讨我国商业银行农村服务网络演化动力机制。研究表明:国有商业银行农村服务网络经历了恢复成立后的快速扩张和密集的人工网点服务,市场化改革中农村业务收缩和大规模网点撤并,到新时期人工、自助、电子、代理等多元服务渠道扩张;农村银行服务网络演化是商业银行和制度环境相互作用的空间过程,普惠金融战略下我国特别强调金融服务的均等化和基础金融网点的全覆盖,商业银行不断借助新的伙伴关系开拓农村市场,其中合作代理日益发挥重要作用。不同地区、不同商业银行农村服务网络模式的差异,农村银行服务网络转型对农村社会经济发展、金融生态环境改善、农民金融素养提升的影响等还需进一步研究。     

制度环境、影子银行参与与企业投资效率

已有文献已对影子银行做了大量的宏观视角研究,微观视角的研究相对较少,尚未有影子银行影响微观效率的研究。为此,分析企业参与影子银行活动对其投资效率的影响以及制度环境的调节作用。研究发现,制度环境水平与企业投资效率存在着显著的正相关关系,企业所处地区的制度环境越好,企业投资回报率越高;从投融资视角研究发现,上市公司参与影子银行融资和影子银行投资程度均与投资效率显著正相关。制度环境越好,影子银行参与对提升投资效率的作用越突出。     

Is Government Regulation of Banks Necessary?

Banks have been involved with and regulated by governments for hundreds of years. Following a brief review of this history, I delineate nine reasons that could justify continued regulation, particularly in the United States. These include deposit insurance, preventing banks from obtaining excessive economic power, reducing the cost of individual bank insolvency, avoiding the effects of bank failures on the economy, protecting the payments system, serving the interests of popularly elected officials, enhancing the Federal Reserve's control over the money supply, suppressing competition, and protecting consumers. Analysis of each leads me to conclude that deposit insurance, which allows banks to hold insufficient capital, is the only public-policy-justifiable rationale for regulation. This concern can be managed with capital requirements; otherwise, banks should only be regulated as are other corporations.     

常德市旅游资源开发研究

本文首先扼要介绍了常德市发展旅游业的基本状况,然后分析了影响常德市旅游资源开发的有利和不利因素,最后从提高知名度,走出阴影区、突出水乡特色、选择开发重点及资源保护几个方面阐述旅游资源开发的具体措施并设计了旅游路线。     

中国国有银行脆弱性预警模型研究

基于国外关于银行脆弱性的最新研究,详述了银行脆弱性预警系统的指标体系、国际经验及研究进展,强调了在我国银行业调整和开放加快、系统性风险增加的情况下建立适合我国国情的国有银行脆弱性预警模型的紧迫性;结合中国的实际情况,构建了我国国有银行脆弱性预警系统的指标体系和基本框架。     

异质金融中介、资产价格与宏观经济波动

通过构建DSGE模型,探讨包含影子银行在内的金融中介机构、资产价格和宏观经济波动之间的内在联系,以及金融中介机构自身净值变化通过资产价格和杠杆率向实体经济传播的机制.结果表明:增加金融中介净值比直接放松信贷约束对宏观经济的冲击作用更大,引入影子银行后的双中介模型对金融部门和宏观经济变量形成放大效应,对影子银行监管的严格程度也会对金融经济变量产生不同影响.因此,决策者需在限制影子银行规模、维持金融稳定和放宽对影子银行监管、促进经济增长之间进行权衡.     

我国银行体系改革的独特性

文章将我国银行体系改革纳入中国特色的渐进改革路径,分析了我国银行体系改革的独特性。文章认为,我国银行体系改革的独特性主要体现在以下七个方面：一是政府相机决策的结果;二是渐进改革成本的主要转移者;三是银行结构地区差距和存贷款差异明显;四是利率市场化严重不足;五是利息收入是银行收入的主要来源;六是银行同质性行为严重;七是表外业务的竞争并不充分。