State‐Dependent Forward Guidance and the Problem of Inconsistent Announcements

Forward guidance can be provided as an unconditional promise, i.e. commitment to a specific low policy rate. Alternatively, the promise may include an escape clause, i.e. a condition defining the state of the economy under which the central bank would not keep such a low rate and, instead, it would revert to setting policy under discretion. The escape clause can be expressed as a threshold in terms of a specific variable. The present paper shows that, when such a threshold is expressed in terms of an endogenous variable (e.g. output, inflation), there are cases where it becomes impossible for the central bank to act in a way that is consistent with its promise. Consistency imposes limits on the policy rate that can be set since reverting immediately to the optimal discretionary rate can be incompatible with exceeding the threshold.     

Testing Rival Theories of Budgetary Decision–making in the US States

This article tests three common budgetary decision–making theories in the US states. Pooled time series cross–section analysis is used from 1960 to 1996 to test the garbage can theory and incrementalism, and from 1989 to 1996 to test various theories of rational budgeting. The results demonstrate that there was some support for all three theories in terms of their impact on reducing state budget outputs. Rational budgeting reduces expenditures in aggregate, incrementalism has relatively low explanatory power below the aggregates, and garbage can budgeting is more prevalent in functional areas than for government as a whole. These findings imply that the future research agenda on budgetary decision–making theories should focus more on a system–wide approach, which takes into account many of the characteristics of all three rival models of decision–making, rather than exclusively focusing on each one singly.     

雷达接收机数据采集平台及其FFT实现

介绍了小型化、通用化和实时信号处理要求下，雷达接收机的通用数据采集处理硬件平台。采用Xilinx公司最新平台级FPGA产品Spartan-3系列芯片构建平台，并实现其中的FFT于模块。试验表明，处理精度和速度都满足要求，为该方案的可行性和后续模块的实现提供了依据。     

机动平台识别器方位零值的几种标校方法

方位零值标校是识别器设邸统标校的一项重要内容。针对机动平台识别器设备进场安装，提出了几种标校方法，旨在解决机动平台识别器的方位零值标校问题。     

VMI在"零库存"管理应用中的研究

从供应链系统化、集成化理论出发，针对VMI策略挑战零库存管理的运行方法、运行效果、原则和策略进行了探讨。     

浅论我国建筑企业的物流供应链管理

在我国加入世贸组织之后,物流作为“第三利润源”进入了各个行业.本文以现代企业物流供应链管理为导向,与传统模式对比,对当今建筑企业物流供应链管理做了分析,提出了我国建筑企业物流供应链管理的应对措施与发展战略.     

改进我国个人工资薪金所得税的思考

个人工资薪金所得税是我国个人所得税的主体。我国现行个人工资薪金所得税的税制设计,在一定程度上制约着其功能的发挥。建议在完善我国个人工资薪金所得税功能定位的基础上,结合我国城乡居民的实际收入状况,对个人工资薪金所得税做进一步改进。     

全面建成小康社会对农村居民肉类消费的影响基于中国农村微观经济数据的实证研究

[目的]基于中国农村微观经济数据,分析全面建成小康社会对农村居民肉类消费的影响。[方法]文章运用恩格尔模型和考虑"零消费"问题的近乎理想需求系统模型(AIDS)的两阶段模型,对全国8个省份的农户数据进行实证分析。[结果]首先,肉类食品的需求收入弹性均为正值,农村居民肉类需求随着收入增长而增加。其次,肉类食品需求收入弹性存在差异,其中,禽肉收入弹性最大,牛羊肉收入弹性最小。再次,不考虑"零消费"问题时,牛羊肉的需求弹性被高估0.12～0.29,猪肉的需求弹性被高估0～0.02。最后,到达全面建成小康社会的标准时,目前低于收入标准的农村居民人均猪肉、禽肉和牛羊肉消费量将分别增加3.42kg、1.86kg和0.57kg,消费结构将进一步优化。[结论]全面建成小康社会将促进农村居民人均收入增长,进而扩大人均肉类消费量、优化肉类消费结构;农村家庭户主受教育程度与肉类消费具有正向相关关系。     

将数学建模引入高等数学教学中的典型案例

首先阐述了将数学建模思想融入高等数学教学内容中的意义,接着从高等数学中的基本概念和基本定理出发,通过具体案例说明如何将数学建模案例融入在高等数学教学中。最后给出了根据高等数学内容选编的典型建模案例。     

GPS在土地测绘中的应用

在经济飞速发展的21世纪,土地测绘的技术也在快速发展着。因为该技术应用于各个领域,其中,GPS技术起到了十分关键的作用,不仅为各个领域的发展提供了充足的准备和保障,也就奠定了GPS成为最基础的科学的地位。