广东农垦企业社会责任供给不足的原因分析

企业履行社会责任已经成为一股势不可当的国际潮流,广东农垦企业在承担社会责任方面存在供给不足的状况。供给不足的原因主要有企业对履行社会责任的理论和方法缺乏了解,企业履行社会责任的意识较为缺乏,企业社会责任供给缺乏一定的经济基础,企业社会责任的需求刚性不足等。     

关于加强黑龙江农垦农业综合开发工作的思考

文章介绍了黑龙江农垦"十一五"期间农业综合开发工作情况,分析了黑龙江农垦农业综合开发工作存在的主要问题,提出了加强黑龙江农垦农业综合开发工作的措施。文章认为,加强黑龙江农垦农业综合开发工作,一是巩固和加强国家商品粮基地建设;二是坚持以中低产田改造为重点,强化农业发展基础支撑;三是加大农业综合开发项目资金投入力度,降低自筹配套资金比例;四是增加农业综合开发事业费,加强农业综合开发项目管理;五是加强机构队伍建设,切实改进工作作风;六是拓宽项目渠道。     

农垦小城镇发展的限制性因素分析——以黑龙江垦区为例

伴随国营农场建立而形成的农垦小城镇 ,对农垦经济的发展起到了支撑和服务作用 ,反过来也促进了小城镇的发展和建设。然而在市场经济体制下 ,农垦小城镇原有发展的内外部环境发生了显著变化 ,小城镇进一步发展受到限制。针对农垦小城镇的特殊性 ,深入分析其发展的限制性因素 ,提高认识 ,必将对今后农垦小城镇的发展起到推动作用     

基于碳足迹的黑龙江垦区农业生态系统碳源/汇时空变化

[目的]文章研究从时间和空间两方面分析垦区主要粮食作物、经济作物和蔬菜瓜果类作物的碳源/汇变化特征,明确影响碳足迹的主要因素,旨在为促进垦区农田生态系统固碳减排、发展低碳农业和保障农业可持续发展提供科学依据。[方法]基于1992—2019年黑龙江垦区农作物播种面积、产量和农业投入等数据,利用农田生态系统碳足迹模型,分析黑龙江垦区农田生态系统碳排放、碳吸收和碳足迹时空变化特征。[结果](1) 1992—2019年黑龙江垦区农田生态系统碳排放、碳吸收和碳足迹均表现为增加趋势,但碳吸收量明显高于碳排放量,两者比例为22.8∶1,且碳足迹占同时期种作物播种面积的比例较低(在4.0%～5.0%),垦区农田生态系统碳汇功能较强。(2)农田灌溉和氮肥施用是碳排放的主要贡献因子,占比分别为38.0%和34.4%。黑龙江垦区农田生态系统单位面积碳排放量在145.2～401.9 kg/hm²,高于全省但低于全国平均水平。水稻、玉米、豆类、小麦四大类作物贡献了垦区94.9%的碳吸收量。(3)在空间上,黑龙江垦区农田生态系统碳排放、碳吸收和碳足迹均主要分布于黑龙江省东部和东北部的宝泉岭分...     

沿海城市围海造地的综合效应分析与可持续发展

围海造地是沿海域开发利用海洋、拓展海岸带发展空间的重要手段之一,它可以充分利用海洋的空间资源属性,正面效应显著.然而,盲目围海造地的负面效应也是当今世界各国关注的热点问题.本文从沿海城市围海造地的效应分析入手,综合考虑围海造地的利与弊,从社会效益、经济效益和环境效益三个方面抽取主要因素作为评价指标,运用模糊统计的方法构...     

Assessing a Policy Grab Bag: Federal Water Policy Reform

This article examines the economic impacts of policy alternatives for addressing allocative inefficiencies among agricultural, urban, and environmental uses of federal water. The Central Valley Project Improvement Act, composed of multiple incentive–based and command–and–control policies, forms the context for this analysis. Estimated multi–output agricultural revenue functions and urban water demand functions are incorporated into a nonlinear programming model designed to predict changes in water use, returns to agriculture, and urban consumer surplus. Results suggest that analysis that does not explicitly model policy instruments implemented at sub–optimal levels and, as part of a package of reforms, could over– or underestimate the costs, benefits, and effectiveness of each policy instrument.     

Study on the construction and operation for management system of municipal domestic wastes

In recent years, the quantity of our country＇s municipal damestic wustes increase rapidly, but the waste disposal still has problems, such as the simple way of processing, wasting the resources, the serious environmental pollution and so on. By holding waste minimization as the center, the developed countries have formed perfect waste management system, Based on analyzing the status quo and problems of processing in our country, on the principle of benefit, scale, waste minimization, reclamation and hazard-free treatment, according to the recycling model of processing, the article has constructed ant country＇s domestic wastes management system, proposed the meusures of promoting the operation of system. It has realized the traasformatian of waste management system from terminal disposal to source reduction. ewhieved the goals, including domestic wastes categorizing and reclaiming, industrialization and non-pollution processing, and finally brought sustainable development for resources, environment, economy and society.     

退耕还林中农民收入增长对策探讨

本文着重分析退耕还林中影响农民增收的主要因素,并提出了解决的对策。     

A model of optimal extraction and site reclamation

Environmental issues during and after extraction are a major problem in contemporary exhaustible resource production. Production operation deteriorates the state of the environment and is a source of possibly harmful emissions. After the extraction has ceased, the site is in need of reclamation and clean-up. This paper analyses the last two stages of exhaustible resource production: extraction and site reclamation decisions. The socially optimal regulation is investigated, and it is found that a pollution tax, a shut-down date and a requirement for the firm to deposit funds for costly reclamation can be used to incentivize socially optimal extraction of the resource. It is also found that the firm can be required to pay the monies to a reclamation trust at the beginning of the extraction operation, which protects the tax payers from the possible insolvency of the firm who tries to avoid paying for the reclamation.     

黑龙江省宝泉岭垦区耕地动态变化及集约利用评价

以宝泉岭垦区为研究单元,采用土地利用变化速率、土地利用程度综合指数等概念就数量和程度上分析1994-2008年耕地利用的动态变化过程,在此基础上,从投入强度、利用程度、产出效益、持续状况四个方面选取16个指标构建耕地集约利用评价体系,对研究区耕地集约利用程度进行定量分析及评价.研究结果表明:1.研究期内宝泉岭分局及各农...