我国铁路行包运输统计指标体系的基本框架研究

铁路行包运输统计指标体系是铁路行包运输统计工作的重要载体.本文分析了当前我国铁路行包运输统计指标体系存在的问题,讨论了铁路运输业统计指标体系的设计原则,设计了铁路行包运输统计指标体系的基本框架.     

Future themes in the operational environment of the Finnish cadastral system

The cadastral systems used in each country and region have developed through the centuries to their current form. We cannot assume that the current situation will remain the same from this point to the future. There are signs in recent studies and development projects throughout the world that those cadastral systems which are traditionally seen as well-functioning also need to be renewed as society changes at a rapid pace.This study is set up to analyze the future needs of a cadastral system and registers related to it in Finland. The objective of the study is to reveal future themes affecting the operational environment of the cadastral system by using research methods provided by futurology. The method used in this study is called environmental scanning and it consists of three phases: collecting events, recognizing phenomena and combining the phenomena as themes.The study analyses 352 literature sources and reveals 14 different future themes in the operational environment of the cadastral system, which are economic pressure, demographic changes, development of technology, transparent society, safety, environmental values, globalization, digitalization, know-how, quality, political change, soft values, public-private partnership and crowd sourcing. The future themes, their possible relations between each other and their significance for the cadastral system are analyzed by using the concepts of megatrends, trends, wild cards, driving forces and weak signals and reflecting the results to research made in the field of land management internationally.The results can be used when renewing a cadastral system, in order to consider possible future themes that may affect the system. Detecting and recognizing the future themes provides an opportunity to react and change the course of action in order to adapt to the future. The results are not only usable in the Finnish context, but can also be applied in other countries⿿ development of their cadastre and as part of environmental scanning.     

Un-forgetting walls by lines on maps: A case study on property rights,cadastral mapping,and the landscape of the Kowloon Walled City

This paper demonstrates that the framing of post-war Kowloon Walled City through photos has been dominated by the maps commonly used to represent this Chinese enclave in colonial Hong Kong as a place. Inspired by and extending Wylie’s (2009) argument that emptiness and presence are equally important, this paper uses basic GIS techniques and hitherto unpublished archival materials to help (a) argues that the colonial government’s mindset of clearly defining the spatial boundary of the city, which is a subtle admission of an officially and diplomatically denied otherness in ownership, created the city as a quasi-cadastral unit; and (b) explains how this shaped the framing of the landscape of the city by promoting investment and trade in high-rise housing development units. The government did not destroy its walls. When these were physically destroyed, it did not ignore the walls’ original alignments but treated the city as a planning unit, as if they still existed.     

Pathways for a future cadastral system: A socio-technical approach

A vast array of trends and innovations, such as drones and person-to-person trust solutions, have been proposed to revolutionize the task of recording land and property rights. There is, however, a gap in current research regarding how to approach systematically the future(s) of cadastral systems. This paper introduces socio-technical transitions theory and multi-level perspective (MLP) framework in particular as a way to structure potential pathways for cadastral systems. The approach emphasizes the role of institutional rules of the game – the regulative, normative and cognitive institutional elements – in socio-technical transition processes. Using the Finnish cadastral system as a case study, we illustrate the approach by forming three alternative transition pathways: (1) a cadastral system under digital transformation, (2) differentiating urban and rural cadastral systems, and (3) a cadastral system facing new data management challenges. After describing each transition pathway with a narrative storyline, we reflect them in light of previous discourses of the cadastral domain. Thereby, the study provides new insights into discussions about the future of cadastral systems and land administration in general.     

Measuring quality performance of cadastral survey and deeds registration work processes

When land parcel boundaries are surveyed for purposes of registration in most southern African countries, the cadastral survey records and diagrams prepared have to be examined and approved by the Surveyor General first before they can be registered in the Deeds Registries. For such records to be approved, their quality must conform to requirements stipulated in relevant acts and regulations. Where regulatory requirements are not met, the records are rejected and returned for corrections and resubmission. From a cross-organizational context, poor quality documents lodged upstream have the effect of congesting examination processes downstream as records are rejected and returned backwards due to quality failure. The paper proposes a quality performance measurement model to analyze quality performance in land administration work processes. The developed model is tested on 2 survey examination and approval sites and 3 deeds registration sites in Namibia, Zimbabwe and South Africa. Based on below expected quality results obtained at one of the sites, a root cause analysis was conducted to establish recurring and underlying causal factors upon which quality improvement strategies can be built on.     

Awareness as a foundation for developing effective spatial data infrastructures

The development of an effective spatial data infrastructure (SDI) often occurs in a fragmented organizational environment requiring a high level of inter-organizational collaboration. Different organizations from various jurisdictions need to work together closely when agreeing on how they will jointly register, store, use and share data and how they will make their data available to the wider society. However, this collaboration is generally regarded as very difficult. For example people often resist data sharing across organizational boundaries due to loss of control, power and independency. Organizational issues are thus considered one of the fundamental constraints to inter-organizational sharing of spatial data.     

知识分子:从"总体工人的一个器官"到"第一生产力"的体现者

国家人力资源和社会保障部制定和组织实施的"事业单位养老保险制度改革方案",引起知识界的全国政协委员和人大代表的强烈关注和批评。从争论双方的立场来看,似乎都没有意识到,知识分子已经从马克思所说的"总体工人的一个器官"和邓小平所说的"知识分子是工人阶级的一部分",转化为邓小平的"第一生产力"的体现者。     

铁路行包快运节点等级划分及布局方法研究

铁路行包快运节点的等级划分是其布局优化的基础，针对目前节点等级划分大多依靠经验而不够客观的问题，采用重要度计算和聚类分析的方法，对全国行包快运节点的等级进行划分，并在此基础上给出节点布局的方法和建议。     

农村土地整治创新模式的思考——基于广西壮族自治区崇左市龙州县“小块并大块”的启示

研究目的:分析龙州县"小块并大块"成功的基本经验,为完善农村土地整治制度、建设高标准基本农田提供借鉴。研究方法:通过实地走访、座谈、归纳总结做法及经验,对比现行制度,提出改进完善农村土地整治的建议。研究结果:龙州县开展"结对并地"进而"小块并大块"后,有利于农业机械化作业、产业结构调整和规模经营,促进了农民增收、农业增效。建议进一步改革完善土地整治模式,建立适应农业现代化、经营规模化发展需求的多元化项目选择机制,完善与群众及基层组织主体地位相适应的的项目组织模式,建立面向广大农村农民的普惠制资金安排方式,完善与中国耕地利用基本国情相适应的多层次的工程标准。     

铁路行包办理站的优化方法研究

行包办理站的优化是一种基于全路车站行包办理量统计分析的优化方法。是解决多因素条件影响下铁路行包办理站址选择的依据。根据全路铁路行包办理站办理量及旅客列车加挂行李车编挂方案,按照始发终到、中途及中转车站作业情况,采用分析的方法给出了行包办理站设置的原则,并在此基础上得出未来行包办理站的优化方案。方案的执行可行性强,灵活且有针对性,对未来行包办理站的发展具有指导性意义。