Remaining life estimation of used components in consumer products: Life cycle data analysis by Weibull and artificial neural networks

Environmental awareness and legislative pressures have made manufacturers responsible for the take-back and end-of-life treatment of their products. To competitively exploit these products, one option is to incorporate used components in “new” or remanufactured products. However, this option is partly limited by a firm's ability to assess the reliability of used components. A comprehensive two-step approach is proposed. The first stage phase statistically analyzes the behavior of components for reuse. A well-known reliability assessment method, the Weibull analysis, is applied to the time-to-failure data to assess the mean life of components. In the second phase, the degradation and condition monitoring data are analyzed by developing an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The advantages of this approach over traditional approaches employing multiple regression analysis are highlighted with empirical data from a consumer product. Finally, the Weibull analysis and the ANN model are then integrated to assess the remaining useful life of components for reuse. This is a critical advance in sustainable management of supply chains since it allows for a better understanding of not only service requirements of product, but the remaining life in a product and hence its suitability for reuse or remanufacture. Future work should assess: (1) reduction in downtime of process equipment through the implementation of this technique as a means to better manage preventative maintenance; (2) reduce field failure of remanufactured product; (3) selling-service strategy through implementation of the proposed methodology.     

基于博弈论的褐色土地再利用冲突解析

以褐色土地再利用过程中污染企业、地方政府、开发商和社区居民四类主要利益相关者的"理性"策略选择为依据,运用博弈论经典模型对褐色土地再利用冲突进行解析,剖析各利益相关者之间冲突形成的现实原因,提出解决冲突的对策措施。即建立褐色土地鉴定识别统一标准、制定污染治理责任认定法律法规、形成褐色土地污染信息管理机制、支持褐色土地污染治理技术创新以及创建褐色土地污染治理激励机制。     

二次能源利用项目投资决策的影响因素分析

基于我国二次能源再利用在财政、征地、税收及信贷等方面的政策约束,以华菱湘钢高炉煤气发电项目为例,研究了二次能源利用项目投资决策的影响因素。根据华菱湘钢高炉煤气发电项目的可研报告,综合分析了企业生产、成本及价格等因素对华菱湘钢高炉煤气发电项目的影响,并将所得税优惠等优惠政策纳入投资决策,具体探讨了政策优惠对项目决策的重大影响。我们认为,国家在具体落实当前的政策的同时,应进一步提供力度更大的政策支持。     

历史风貌建筑特性及修复开发模式研究

目前我国的城市正在进入一个以更新再开发为主的发展阶段.在城市更新再开发的过程中,如何保护历史风貌建筑,使其得到更好的利用,发挥更大的综合效益,已成为一个必须解决的问题.论文从历史风貌建筑的特性出发,分析其修复开发模式,使其在传承历史文化和古旧建筑再利用过程中发挥更大的作用.     

研发团队知识共享、知识重用与新产品开发绩效——吸收能力的倒U型调节作用

国有制造企业作为国际竞争中的重要力量,已成为国家重点关注对象。基于知识基础观和动态能力理论,通过对166名国有制造企业研发团队成员的调查研究,探究知识共享对新产品开发绩效影响过程中,知识重用的中介作用和吸收能力的调节作用。结果表明：知识共享和知识重用均正向影响新产品开发绩效;知识共享正向影响知识重用;知识重用完全中介知识共享与新产品开发绩效的关系;吸收能力对知识共享与知识重用的关系具有倒U型调节作用。     

循环经济的投入产出分析

可持续发展的必要性越来越被世人所认可,寻找可持续发展的实施途径更成为国内外学术界所关注的焦点。循环经济作为实施可持续发展的有效手段之一,得到了学术界及各国政府的广泛关注。本研究对循环经济的发展及其原则进行了系统的分析,归纳提炼出循环经济的发展模式;结合投入产出分析工具,描述了循环经济在宏观经济运行中循环路径;并在此基础上构建了循环经济投入产出表及其基本分析模型。     

New uses for old traditional farm buildings: The case of the underground wine cellars in Spain

Traditional buildings are important features of the rural landscape and a valuable documental source about rural technology and ways of life in the countryside. For the last 60 years many traditional farm buildings have lost their original function because of the great changes in the European agricultural sector. Their respectful conversion to adopt new activities provides economic, socio-cultural and landscape benefits for promoters and the whole rural community. Traditional wine caves used for the production and storage of wine are particular good examples of redundant rural buildings needing for viable new uses. The aims of this paper are to present the architectural features of these agro-industrial spaces and to discuss suitable new uses for them. The technical, socioeconomic and legal contexts of the reuse are also examined in the paper. The use of traditional wine cellars in the production of high-quality artisanal wines, cheeses and cured meats, for cultural activities, as restaurants, or in the production of mushrooms, among others, are viable reuse proposals according to the current needs in the Mediterranean rural areas. Nevertheless, special care must be taken when restoring these spaces in order to respect the identity and the aesthetic appeal of the ancient cellars and not to come into conflict with the planning and building regulations.     

Golf course irrigation and self-sufficiency water in Southern Spain

During the first decade of the 21st century, many golf courses were developed in the Southeast of Spain, which greatly increased the number of these facilities. Almost all of these golf courses have been accompanied by large residential developments composed of thousands of dwelling units. This article seeks to identify the factors that influence golf courses’ water consumption and estimate the number of dwelling units that an associated residential development needs to have to provide the effluent necessary to fully meet the irrigation needs of a golf course. The study indicates that private golf courses achieve greater levels of irrigation efficiency than public golf courses and that the golf courses associated with residential developments subject the irrigation needs of the grassland to the sale requirements of the real estate properties. The study also estimates that a golf course requires approximately 3000 dwelling units with an average annual occupancy of 33% to achieve self-sufficiency for irrigation.     

Servicizing and construction of the reuse system of schoolbook

Recently the phenomenon of disposable schoolbook in China not only has wasted so many resources that produce unfavorable influence, but also has increased unneeessary impact burdens on consumptions of Chinese families. The paper analyzes value of the reuse of schoolbooks and main obstacles, introduces the concept of servicizing, discusses the problem of the reuse of schoolbooks from construction of product-service system, and puts forward that realization of the reuse of sChoolbooks depends on innovation of present system and model. Construction of Schoolbook-service system needs shifl from value to consumption habits and behaviors and active participation of every Social class.     

微观视角下组合创新方法研究——对知识重用创新模型的改进

在创新管理领域,创新研究大多集中于宏观层面,从微观视角展开的研究较少,其中,Majchrzak等基于扎根理论提出的知识重用创新模型,是微观层面上的代表性研究成果。然而,该模型在可操作性方面有待改进,具体表现为：搜索步骤中广泛运用类比、延伸等概念性方法进行定位,缺乏具体搜索路径;分析步骤并未给出具体可实施的组合分析工具。首先,对上述两个方面进行拓展：①基于信息觅食理论中的“信息块”、“信息线”和“信息效用与处理成本比”概念、结构映射理论中的属性相似与关系相似概念及相关性理论构建创新搜索模型,使原模型的搜索步骤更加具体;②在原模型分析步骤中引入创新矩阵工具,使该步骤更易于实施。其次,提供初步经验证据,以验证其可行性。