内聚与开放:花生对英租时期威海乡村社会的影响

在英租威海卫时期,花生的推广使得威海乡村社会的封闭状态产生了变化.在花生的种植、管理、收获及销售过程中,销售这个环节加强了村庄对外界的依赖,体现出开放性,种植到收获各个环节中的生产联合则基本上局限于村庄内部,仍保持传统的内聚性.这种传统与现代的结合,体现出当时威海乡村社会的一种变化趋势.     

Food Packaging in Japan

Japan is the highest per capita consumer of packaging materials in the world. The Japanese packaging materials industry has an annual value of US$50 billion. There is a close relationship between the food and packaging industries in Japan. There is a tendency toward ingenuity in packaging designs in Japan, and Japanese food manufacturers use high-tech packaging techniques. At the same time, there is still widespread usage of traditional packaging materials (i.e., wood, earthenware, ceramics, and bamboo). Available space, energy, and a severe lack of natural resources directly affect the food packaging industry in Japan.     

气候变化影响下东北花生业发展潜力与对策分析

该文对东北农牧交错区气候变化趋势进行了简要综述,对干旱和土壤沙化趋势影响下东北农牧交错区花生发展原因进行了分析,对该区域形成的花生优势种植区进行了初步总结。在此基础上,对东北农牧交错区花生发展潜力和问题进行了分析,最后提出了对策建议。     

历史上中国花生种植的区域特点与商业流通

花生是我国的传统经济作物,在我国有着悠久的种植和应用史,但对其在历史上的重要作用却没有论著予以论述。本文从历史地理角度对我国花生在历史上的传播与分布,中国自然环境与花生品种、种植技术的关系,花生在中国的用途与商业流通等方面来进行探讨,希望有助于学界对花生在中国种植历史的深入研究。     

The Impact of Advertising on Consumer Demand for Beef:

Thi study used two related data sets to obtain new estimates of food shopper responses to prices and advertising. Supermarket scan data comprised the source of information of sales and prices. Chain level newspaper and broadcast media advertising in the area measured the marketing program. Unique features of the study include the use of item movement and the accomodation of possible cross media effects. Consequently, the paper presents a way of monitoring promotions and relating them to sales. Three fresh beef aggregates (ground, roasts, and steaks) are used to estimate the impacts of broadcast media and newspaper adevertising by a supermarket chain. New estimates of direct and cross advertising impacts are also reported.     

坚果炒货行业增速发展策略探究

坚果作为大自然赋予人类的宝贵天然食材,具有丰富的营养价值。我国坚果炒货行业具有悠久的发展历史。近年来,我国的坚果炒货行业呈现出快速发展的趋势,丰富了食品种类,带动了经济发展。本文分析了现阶段坚果炒货行业的发展状况,并对坚果炒货行业的进一步发展进行深入探讨,为坚果行业的增速发展提供参考。     

Peanut Research and Poverty Reduction: Impacts of Variety Improvement to Control Peanut Viruses in Uganda

A procedure is developed and applied for predicting ex ante impacts of agricultural research on aggregate poverty, using as an example the poverty-reducing impact of peanut research in Uganda. Market-level information on economic surplus changes is combined with a procedure for allocating income changes to individual households. Characteristics of farmers that affect their likelihood of technology adoption are used to create a technology adoption profile. Associated changes in poverty resulting from adoption are computed using poverty indices. Predicted income changes at the household level are aggregated to the market level and reconciled with calculations of economic surplus changes.     

A characterization of peanut consumption in four countries: results from focus groups and their implications for peanut allergy prevalence

Rates of peanut allergy in the Western world have increased over the last 30 years, although it is unclear why. While eating behaviours are likely to be connected to allergy prevalence, the precise relevant factors are uncertain. This study aimed to investigate dietary differences and changes in dietary habits in peanut consumption (in apparent and hidden forms) in four different countries (Bulgaria, Poland, Spain, UK), specifically chosen because of their different ‘peanut experiences’. Focus groups revealed a common perception that dietary habits have become less healthy, with more consumption of processed foods and an increase in snacking. In addition, ethnic cuisine was perceived to have had an important impact on European eating habits, while participants identified an increase in consumption of more ‘exotic’ forms of peanuts and their products. These findings point to an increase in exposure to peanuts, particularly in hidden forms, that superficially parallels increased prevalence rates. However, it was also clear that participants lacked knowledge about the composition of food and non‐food products. The dietary trends identified here thus warrant further quantitative investigation, particularly in the context of differential national patterns of allergy prevalence – data on which is currently being gathered within the EC‐funded EuroPrevall project.