论经济法的国家安全职能

国家经济安全是整个国民经济持续、健康、快速发展的前提，它可以被分为宏观经济安全和发展安全。要使一个国家经济能够安全运转，就需要强有力的保障措施。安全是法律持续性的制度安排，是一切法律的首要价值，所以保障国家经济安全，法律责无旁贷。在众多法律部门中，经济法作为国家干预经济的法律，目的就是克服市场调节的弊端，保障国家的经济安全。     

试论现阶段电子商务的交易安全技术

随着信息技术日新月异的发展，人类正在进入以网络为主的信息时代，基于Intemet开展的电子商务已逐渐成为人们进行商务活动的新模式。但电子商务的安全问题变得越来越突出，建立一个安全、便捷的电子商务应用环境，关键在于保证整个商务活动中信息的安全性，使基于Intemet的电子交易方式与传统交易方式一样安全可靠。电子商务安全包括计算机网络安全和商务交易安全。商务交易安全主要是通过加密技术、安全机制、安全协议进行保证的。     

从博弈的角度看中小股东解决纠纷的过程--从一个流行模型的残缺谈起

经研究发现 ,张维迎教授在 2 0 0 1年第五版的《博弈论与信息经济学》中所借用的承诺要胁诉讼博弈例子中对诉讼费用的处理有点不妥 ,便作出了适当的调整 ,但却得出了令人沮丧的结论 :承诺要胁诉讼不成立 !继续研究发现只有打破这种败诉风险由当事人承担的机制 ,才能传递出有力量的信号 ,才能做到真正的威胁 ,那就是建立“生死与共”的竞争性的律师定价机制和保费率真正是胜诉率信号的诉讼费用保险机制与最经济的诉讼程序与非诉讼程序、保障其实现的机制和可供的备选机制。本文论证了其合理性     

The rise of defensive engineering: how personal liability considerations impact decision-making

Abstract

Based on a survey of Australian engineers (n = 275) this paper examines the impact of personal liability considerations on engineering decision-making. Almost all respondents who make high-stakes decisions saw questions of liability as having both positive (90%) and negative (87%) impacts. Our analysis shows that awareness of personal liability acts to focus the attention of many engineers on the moral dimension of their work. However, it also encourages more expensive decision-making, inhibition of innovation and professional paralysis. We argue that while personal legal liability is a legitimate way to focus engineers’ attention on the potential impact of their work, a problem arises when decision-makers are held responsible for disasters over which they had little control. The focus then shifts to ‘defensive engineering’ practices that are aimed at limiting individual liability rather than disaster prevention. Legal processes that are seen to unfairly allocate blame do not encourage practices that support future disaster prevention.     

针对车辆AEB系统失效和误作用场景的研究

本文基于预期功能安全,采用功能分解方法,总结出部分车辆自动紧急制动(AEB)系统失效和误作用场景,并从中选取典型场景作为测试场景,开展不同车型的实车道路试验,总结出AEB系统的缺陷与隐患分类.希望此类研究能为AEB系统失效和误作用测试标准的制定提供参考.     

The future of India's obsolete dams: Time to review their safety and structural integrity

India has built over 5000 large dams till date to boost electric power and to enhance irrigated agriculture. In spite of this big dam building venture, India lacks expertise in decommissioning old dams. As a matter of fact, India has more than 500 large dams that were built 50 years ago, and 100 of them have passed over a century. This article analyses the existing facts on India's outdated dams, their safety matters and recommends future strategies to safeguard the large dams from potential future threats.     

浅析建筑工程安全管理中存在的问题及解决方法

建筑工程企业的施工,多数情况是露天高空作业,而且现场情况多变,又是多工种的立体交叉作业,安全生产的管理和职工安全教育滞后,因而当前建设系统的安全形势非常严峻,做好建筑施工企业的安全管理工作势在必行。     

论中国金融发展中的结构制约

加入WTO以后中国金融发展面临的主要问题是既要增强国际竞争力,又必须维护国家的金融安全.但目前中国的金融结构存在着严重缺陷,制约了中国金融业的进一步发展与国际竞争力的提升,对金融稳定与安全产生了诸多的不利影响,因此,中国金融发展不能继续依赖数量增长和加快速度的路径,需要转变思路,以结构调整为重点推进中国金融的改革开放与发展,寻求提升国际竞争力与安全性相统一的金融发展之路.     

儿童用品标准化的现状分析

本文介绍了我国儿童用品行业的发展现状,以及我同儿童用品标准化工作的发展状况,通过市场调研,了解了目前部分儿童用占占由于标准不完善而仔在的安全隐患,提出了对今后我国儿童用品标准化工作的建议。     

Children aged 9-14 living in disadvantaged areas in England: Opportunities and barriers for cycling

The aim of this paper is to take a holistic perspective to explore levels of cycling and opportunities and barriers to increase children’s safer cycling in disadvantaged areas in England. The study was one part of a larger study which explored the factors underlying the high level of road traffic casualties especially among children in the most disadvantaged areas of England and to explore how this impacts on mobility and quality of life. The methods involved a cross sectional survey comprising school based questionnaire surveys with children aged 9-14 and focus groups with parents who had children within this age range. The surveys were conducted in 2007 and the focus groups during 2008. 4286 children completed the survey and eight focus groups were held. Bike ownership (77%) was high, use in previous week moderate (39%) but only 2% cycled to school. Ownership was significantly lower in minority ethnic groups. Despite young children’s strong preference to travel by cycle (30%) than walk or go by car, most parents felt it was too hazardous. It is unlikely that these findings would be any different from the rest of England, however the combination of environmental and social factors may elevate the risks for young cyclists in these areas. This paper concludes that a number of barriers exist to increasing levels of cycling among children living in disadvantaged areas particularly amongst ethnic groups. These barriers could be addressed by environmental modifications to reduce speeds and by reducing the levels of antisocial driving and riding in residential areas and around destinations where children travel, by providing cycle training to improve children’s skills and parent’s confidence, and by providing secure storage facilities for bikes. Until these barriers are addressed it is unlikely that cycling will increase despite the strong preferences children have to travel by bike. Such preferences to cycle provide an opportunity for local authorities to act on.