俄乌经贸关系发展回顾

在乌兹别克斯坦与独联体国家关系中俄罗斯处于首位,而且在乌对外战略中俄罗斯也处于特殊地位。因为从国家安全利益、国内稳定、历史上形成的密切的经济联系来看,乌兹别克斯坦都离不开俄罗斯。为了保住自己柔软的“南腹部”,俄罗斯也日益重视与乌开展政治、经济、军事等方面的合作。     

Consumer preferences for new technology: apples enriched with antioxidant coatings in Uzbekistan

Food markets in developing countries are experiencing an expansion of new functional products. Even though their market share is small, these food products are usually imported and post a higher price compared to local products. In this article, we investigate the consumer response toward new functional food products in Uzbekistan by focusing on the incorporation of apples enriched with antioxidant coating in the food market. We conduct consumer surveys with two different information treatments. We utilize a dichotomous‐choice contingent valuation methodology to estimate willingness to pay for this product and analyze factors that affect consumer choice. The results suggest that the average Uzbek respondent is willing to purchase functional apples with a 6% discount. The effect of information regarding the potential health benefits of antioxidants is positive and statistically significant. We compare the findings with a previous U.S. study of the same product and discuss how the delivery method provides an additional hurdle in the Uzbek market.     

乌兹别克斯坦投资法律环境的利弊分析

中国与乌兹别克斯坦建交以来,两国间贸易额连年增长,乌兹别克斯坦已成为我国在中亚五国中的第三大贸易投资伙伴,但中国投资者因对乌兹别克斯坦投资法律环境了解不够充分而导致投资失败的案例举不胜举。深入分析乌兹别克斯坦投资法律环境的利弊将有利于中国投资者审慎决策,为此,本文对乌兹别克斯坦的投资法律环境进行了分析,认为有利方面表现在鸟兹别克斯坦不断完善其税收体系、从法律上保障外国投资者的权益、对内外资提供基本一致的法律保护和向外资提供各种优惠政策等;不利方面表现在对外资准入、企业经营以及外资退出等方面还存在着不同程度的限制。     

Can distortions in agriculture support structural transformation? The case of Uzbekistan

The agricultural sector plays a strategic role in the development process of a country. However, the tools used to trigger economic development are objects of controversy in theory and practice. While neoclassical theory contends that state interventions and protectionism create inefficiencies and sub-optimal allocation of resources, heterodox authors argue that those measures can be instrumental in fostering growth. Uzbekistan has applied heterodox distortive measures in agriculture. This paper investigates the implications of those distortions for the Uzbek economy. I argue that state interventions in agriculture, through surplus extraction and economies of scale, have facilitated investments in added-value industries, driving national structural transformation.     

The Uzbek Model of Economic Development, 1991–91

Uzbekistan has been difficult to classify among the thirty-plus economies in transition during the 1990s and has posed a puzzle, because it is a slow reformer but relatively good performer. This paper argues that there is no simple Uzbek model. Uzbekistan's economic reform process has been inconsistent gradualism through three different phases during the 1990s. Economic performance was due to favourable external conditions during the first half of the 1990s and to reasonably good policy-making, although policy errors in late 1996 led to negative effects. Uzbekistan illustrates the importance of policy, but sheds little light on a debate framed in terms of rapid reform versus gradualism.     

Food policy reforms for sustainable agricultural development in Uzbekistan, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Tajikistan

Given the present conditions of demographic growth and the complicated transition toward market economies in Central Asia, the problems of food security and designing policies to achieve it without compromising economic growth are at the forefront of policy agendas in these countries. This paper reviews food policy reforms in Uzbekistan, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Tajikistan in the context of sustainable agricultural development. Analyzing the trends in the agricultural sector during the transition period, it identifies the major impacts of policy reforms on food security and enumerates future challenges for improving food security in these countries. It finds that despite the progress made in reforming their economies toward market-oriented ones, the three countries continue to face food insecurity to varying degrees. It concludes that there is an urgent need to further expand and deepen the reform process by enabling functioning land, labor, and financial markets.     

Dehkans,Diversification and Dependencies: Rural Transformation in Post‐Soviet Uzbekistan

This paper describes how political and economic transition has affected the system of agricultural production in Khorezm, Uzbekistan in terms of economic practices and relationships. Based on recent fieldwork, the paper argues that the local agricultural economy is a hybrid economy, where production for market, quasi‐market and subsistence merge into and co‐constitute one another. In order to keep the system going, and to make up for the uncertainties in the formal context of production, the relation between new private fermer and the peasant (dehkan) households is of particular importance. This relation resembles neo‐patrimonial patron–client relations, which are both personal and informal while also being based on formal, contractual relations. The relations are asymmetric and based on the limited and unevenly distributed resources. The division of power is unequal but not fixed, due to the ongoing transition of the economic system.     

中国与乌兹别克斯坦贸易及投资中的汇率风险研究

中国和乌兹别克斯坦建交20周年以来,两国的经贸往来与务实合作呈现出勃勃生机,双边贸易实现跨越式增长,项目投资实现飞跃式发展。但随着中乌经济的广泛开展,在积极开发双边贸易及投资潜力的同时,中乌双方又面临着美元汇率的风险。因此,本文在阐述了中乌双边贸易与投资发展现状及发展前景的基础上,分析了中国与乌兹别克斯坦贸易及投资中的汇率风险;最后提出了解决中乌双边贸易汇率风险的对策建议,认为积极应对美元汇率风险是推动中乌双边贸易及投资的一个重要条件。     

乌兹别克斯坦的核能及多元国际合作

铀矿业作为乌兹别克斯坦的主要行业越来越成为乌兹别克斯坦提高国际地位和经济发展的重要手段。了解乌兹别克斯坦核能源出口的外交方向有利于我国进一步与乌兹别克斯坦进行核能合作。     

中国与乌兹别克斯坦经贸关系：历史、现状与前景

近年来,中乌双边贸易和投资都出现了快速增长,20多年来两国双边贸易额增长了54倍,中国已经成为乌兹别克斯坦的第一大投资国、第二大贸易伙伴。本文将中乌经贸关系发展划分为两大时期、四个发展阶段,即起步与探索阶段、曲折发展阶段、平稳增长阶段、深化拓展阶段,并总结了每个阶段中乌双边贸易及投资合作的成果和特点。随着两国长期战略伙伴关系的建立和中国—中亚天然气管道第三条管线（C线）的建成,以及两国企业合作建设和开发纳沃伊州自由工业区等经济特区,中乌贸易与投资合作仍具有良好的发展前景。