征地现状调查

２００３年７月以后，中央政府三令五申，不准滥征耕地，大肆圈地的势头得到遏制。但违规征地没有止息，耕地仍在减少，形势不容乐观，仍须从严控制。     

Labour use efficiency in the Indian and Pakistani commercial banks

The Indian and Pakistani banking industry is said to have an excessive use of labour due to the significant market share of government owned banks. Both countries have undertaken a process of regulatory reform to bring about market discipline in the usage of inputs and to increase the labour use efficiency and productivity. The focus of this paper is the estimation of productivity and efficiency of labour use in the banking sectors of the Indian sub-continent. The results show that the efficiency of labour use across the Indian sub-continent is improving over time and that foreign banks are more efficient compared to domestically owned banks in their usage of labour.     

Triple jump about urban land potential release in China

Recent two decades, the great changes take place in China, especially in land use area. After the marketization, the urban land potential of China releases gradually. Three models in this paper show the three stages of reforming land use system. This paper will give a clear picture of urban land use in China that spans nearly thirty years.     

Stop and Go Agricultural Policies with a Land Market

This article studies the design of farm policy in the presence of asymmetric information about farmers' productivity, a government objective to insure farmers a minimum "parity" income, an endogenous land rent, and diminishing returns on alternative (nonprogram crop) land uses. In this setting, acreage set asides are never part of an optimal farm policy, although compensated acreage limits are. When there are new farmer entrants who cannot be excluded from farm programs, optimal policy takes the form of a pure voluntary acreage limitation—or "buyout"—program in which high-cost producers participate and low-cost producers do not.     

Land tenure and rental in Western Sudan

This paper reports on aspects of land tenure in western Sudan, especially the nature of tenure insecurity and the functioning of the land rental market. The active land rental market accounted for about one-third of cultivated land. Patterns of land rental transactions, and tests of the importance of insecurity in renting land, where the owner may not be able to reclaim land rented out, do not support the presumption that rental markets perform poorly. The role of the sheikh as administrator of village land, and the claims of large landowners to vast tracts, are, however, important political problems that must be resolved before attempts at ‘rationalizing’ land tenure.     

农村经济的“第二个飞跃”与农用土地制度改革

土地制度的安排与改革决定着农村经济发展的前程。我国农业的改革和发展,要有两个飞跃:第一个是实行以家庭联产承包经营为主的责任制;第二个是发展适度的规模经营,发展合作经济。现行土地制度制约着第二个飞跃的实现,需要调整和完善。土地私有化不是我国土地制度改革的方向。土地制度改革在于适应现代农业建设的需要,构建农地财产权新的框架,以利于农业产业化经营,发展多种形式的适度规模经营。     

The housing question in Japan

This article first examines how bad housing conditions are in Japan based on international comparisons. The next question is whether the extremely high land prices in Japan can be explained by economic logic. We then turn to more specific housing policy questions that are peculiar to or important in Japan, such as the tax advantages of owning land that have caused under-utilization of land and the reasons why the average size of Japanese rental housing is so small.     

完善农村土地承包经营权的立法思考

农村土地承包经营权制度自从 2 0世纪 70年代末在中国实行以来 ,取得了巨大成就 ,推动了农村社会经济发展。但在实施过程中 ,由于其表现出债权的特征而逐渐暴露出种种弊端。以物权关系改造现行土地承包经营权制度 ,已成为法学界的共识。物权立法应就土地承包经营权的取得、效力、消灭等作出具体详细的规定 ,使之形成一整套完整的土地承包经营权法律制度     

国土资源开发与区域经济发展

国土资源的开发利用对区域经济发展有着基础性的 ,深远的影响 ,我国土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源开发利用的区域特征已形成 ,但在空间布局、发挥区域资源比较优势、区域国土资源综合利用等方面仍存在一些问题。因此 ,应该在国土资源调查评价、规划、参与世界经济分工协作、法制建设、技术进步等主面采取相应的对策。     

当前若干促进农民增收措施的效果与未来取向

当前,我国各级政府为了促进农民增收相继出台了一系列的政策措施,但这些措施实施的效果并不尽如人意.我国农民收入增长缓慢的根本原因在于农民人均可耕种面积太小,过多的农民拥挤在有限的土地上,使得很多促进农民增收的措施效果不明显.因此,解决农民增收问题,必须加快城市化步伐,把农民从土地上解放出来.