品牌认同视角下“生产商-经销商-终端商”价值共创的逻辑再构

随着产业链与供应链的深入与完善,以品牌认同为引领的价值创造再一次引起关注,基于"生产商-经销商-终端商"三位一体的价值共创思维是重塑品牌形象强化品牌认同的关键.研究认为:经销商层面中人口基数、人均可支配收入、配送能力等是实现价值增值的因素,生产商层面中市场费用支持、分销政策支持、品牌战略提升是促进价值提升的关键,终端商层面中客情维护、货龄管理、品牌维护是保障价值实现的途径.     

政府责任与中国乳品消费的扩展

从政府责任的角度，提出“完全信息”假设强合理性的观点，从而恢复了新古典经济学关于“完全信息”假设合理性的本来地位。在此基础上，提出政府监管对乳品质量相对完全信息的提供以及对乳品消费拓展具有重要作用。并就政府乳品安全监管机制的选择以及政府在乳品消费习惯形成中的责任进行了探讨。     

Impacts of trade liberalization in Canada's supply managed dairy industry

Trade is an integral part of the Canadian economy. The main institutional drivers governing trade are bilateral and multilateral agreements outlining permissible trade distorting measures. Since its inception in 1972, Canada's supply management system has remained protected throughout trade negotiations. The system appears, by any economic measure, to be having an increasingly disproportional influence in recent trade negotiations. However, trade agreements serve not only to maximize social surplus, but also to maximize some measure of political welfare. Canada has recently negotiated three prominent trade agreements: the Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) came into effect in the latter part of 2017; the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) came into effect at the end of 2018; and the Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) could come into effect in 2020. Collectively, these agreements have guaranteed increased market access for fresh and processed dairy products. We build a spatial partial equilibrium model of the Canadian dairy industry consisting of three regions and 10 commodities to assess the individual and cumulative effect of these trade agreements. We pay particular attention to the institutional drivers within today's dairy sector: milk protein isolates; component pricing, including Class 7; and differential demand growth. We find that the aggregate impacts are: (a) a 1.4% decrease in the marginal retail price; (b) a 4.8% decrease in the blended producer price; and (c) an overall increase in social welfare of 7.8%. Worth noting, the decrease in producer surplus varies from 0.7% in the western region to 1.5% in Ontario. Our results may be relevant to future negotiations as well as the publicly promised compensation package for dairy producers.     

Feed use intensification and technical efficiency of dairy farms in New Zealand

In recent years, the traditionally pasture‐based dairy farms in New Zealand have become more intensive by using higher proportions of supplementary feed. This trend has been attributed to a range of factors, such as productivity enhancement, overcoming pasture deficits and the improvement of body condition scores. However, there is a lack of knowledge as to how feed use intensification affects the technical efficiency of dairy farms in New Zealand. This paper addresses the research gap by estimating the impact of feed use intensification on the technical efficiency of New Zealand dairy farms, using a fixed effects stochastic production frontier model and a balanced panel of 257 farms from 2010 to 2013. The empirical results show that technical efficiency on New Zealand dairy farms is positively and significantly influenced by feed use intensification, herd size and milking frequency.     

An economic evaluation of market development programmes for US dairy products

‘This study measured the effectiveness of US dairy export promotion programmes on increasing foreign demand and enhancing producers’ revenues. An import demand equation based on panel data was used to test whether export promotion has a positive and significant impact on US dairy exports. The effects of various promotion scenarios on the dairy market were then simulated, and benefit–cost ratios (BCRs) for these programmes were estimated. There were three key findings. First, the combined effort of public and private dairy export promotion expenditures had a positive and statistically significant impact on demand for US dairy products in the world market. The findings indicated that export promotion stimulated total dairy exports by 4.14 billion pounds, on average, per year, which represented 55.8% of total exports. Second, US dairy export promotion has been highly profitable for the nation’s dairy farmers. The calculated BCRs, based on assumed elasticity of supply, ranged from a low of 8.54 for the most elastic assumption to a high of 30.12. Third, from an optimality standpoint, dairy farmers are underinvesting in export promotion. The marginal BCRs ranged from a low of 3.79 to a high of 15.22, which means that, at the margin, increasing export promotion expenditures would be profitable for dairy farmers.     

大理乳业发展现状及问题研究

作为大理州传统优势产业的乳业承担着稳定经济发展大局,促进农民收入,保障贫困户稳定脱贫的重要任务。首先对大理州乳业的现实发展状况进行了描述;然后分析了当前制约大理州乳业发展的影响因素;最后通过现状和问题的探讨,试图从完善奶牛良种繁育体系、提高技术创新能力、加大资金投入、强化政府支持力度、提升奶农环保意识、加强销售终端建设六个方面提出促进大理州乳产业健康发展的对策建议。     

促进黑龙江乳制品产业集群发展的对策建议

当前,黑龙江省在培育和发展乳制品产业集群的过程中,存在的问题主要有政府功能缺失,分工协作网络尚未形成,中介机构发展滞后等。黑龙江省应转变政府职能,建立服务型政府,提供基础设施和公共服务,利用财政政策和税收政策为集群内企业提供便利的融资渠道;发展中介组织,充分发挥中介组织在市场化进程中的作用,促进产业的升级;提高集群内分工合作水平,形成产业集聚自我强化的内在机制;增强行业协会的服务、协调能力,培育信任、合作的产业集群文化,积极促进多种文化的融合,从而提高黑龙江乳制品产业的竞争力,促进乳制品企业健康发展。     

基于新竞争格局的黑龙江乳业财务战略研究

当前,面对各大乳业公司激烈的市场竞争,在新竞争格局下,黑龙江作为乳业生产加工大省,只有通过提升乳品企业价值,在分析企业内、外环境因素影响的基础上,对企业资金进行全局性、长期性和创造性的谋划和安排,制定有效的财务战略才是促进黑龙江省乳业可持续发展的保证。本文通过分析财务战略的概念,针对黑龙江乳品企业面临的新竞争格局,提出财务战略选择因考虑的几个因素,并就其财务战略的实施策略进行探讨,以期通过本文的阐述为黑龙江乳品企业长期、稳定发展提供理论依据。     

KD乳业在渠道理论下的营运资金管理分析

渠道理论下的营运资金管理是目前较为完善的管理理论,提高分渠道资金管理有利于企业从细节提高管理效率。本文对KD乳业在渠道理论下进行因素分析,找出其在各渠道中营运资金管理存在的问题,并对各渠道提出改进策略,研究可以对KD乳业营运资金管理效率提高有所裨益。     

Cost implications of improving food safety in the Dutch dairy chain

This paper examines control measures for improving food safetyin the dairy chain, using an integer linear programming model.The chain includes feed (compound feed production and delivery),farm (dairy farm) and dairy processing (transport and processingof raw milk, delivery of pasteurised milk) blocks. Results showthat 65 per cent of the maximum possible food safety improvementcan be achieved at relatively low extra cost per ton of milk(4.27), fairly evenly distributed across the blocks. Highersafety levels can be attained by increasing the farm block'scontribution, but at much higher extra cost (44.37 for the maximumattainable).