Can Direct Payments Facilitate Agricultural Commercialisation: Evidence from a Transition Country

We investigate the impact of direct payments on agricultural commercialisation in Kosovo. Kosovo is one of the poorest countries in Europe but, with European assistance, provides substantial funds to support agriculture, made up of many small and often semi‐subsistence farms. Thus, the effect of this support is a central policy issue. Identifying the effect of direct payments on market participation faces endogeneity issues arising from the possible simultaneous determination of participation in support programmes and market participation. In order to achieve proper identification of the endogenous direct payments, we use a strategy of targeted identification search that employs several different methodological approaches. We find that direct payments for fruit and vegetables, and those for cereals and oilseeds have a positive effect on market participation. However, we cannot identify any definite effect of livestock payments.     

中国上市公司债务期限结构分析

对我国上市公司债务期限结构影响因素进行检验的结果表明,我国上市公司债务期限结构的影响因素较为稳定,内生性对其不构成显著影响.我国上市公司的债务期限与企业规模正相关,与企业财务实力、资本结构负相关,与其他因素没有显著关系.对债务期限和成长性关系的检验结果表明,我国企业应对成长机会变化的工具是财务杠杆而不是债务期限.代理成本理论不能解释我国上市公司债务期限结构的选择行为.     

Local tax interaction and endogenous spatial weights based on quality of life

This paper studied the role of municipal quality of life as a driver of strategic tax interactions among local governments. A number of studies point out the existence of strategic interactions using spatial econometric models in which the spatial weights are mostly based on non-economic criteria or basic economic variables such as per capita gross domestic product (GDP). We propose the more sophisticated well-being indicator of municipal quality of life as the driver for these interactions. To deal with the potential endogeneity, we rely on instrumental variable estimators. The empirical analysis focuses on the main local tax in Spain (property) and on municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants, and it confirms the relevance of differentials in quality of life for the understanding of tax choices.     

Price Endogeneity and Food Demand in Urban China

Price endogeneity has been ignored in previous analyses of food demand in urban China. We exploit data provided by the China National Bureau of Statistics on agricultural commodity supply shifters and use reduced‐form price equations to account for price endogeneity. Applying our unique econometric approach to the analysis of provincial‐level food demand in China, we find strong statistical evidence of price endogeneity. Models that ignore price endogeneity result in substantially biased elasticities and misleading estimates of future food demand in China.     

审计行业专门化与审计质量相关性分析——基于内生性视角的实证研究

研究结果发现:审计行业专门化越高,审计质量也会越高,审计行业专门化变化量和审计质量变化量也显著正相关;进一步考虑审计行业专门化的内生性后,对审计行业专门化与审计质量之间的关系予以检验,结果仍然表明审计行业专门化具有显著地提高审计质量的作用。     

Divestitures,privatization and corporate performance in emerging markets

We use new firm‐level data to examine the effects of firm divestitures and privatization on corporate performance in a rapidly emerging market economy. Unlike the existing literature, we control for accompanying ownership changes and the fact that divestitures and ownership are potentially endogenous variables. We find that divestitures increase the firm's profitability but do not alter its scale of operations, while the effect of privatization depends on the resulting ownership structure – sometimes improving performance and sometimes bringing about decline. The effects of privatization are thus more nuanced than suggested in earlier studies. Methodologically, our study provides evidence that it is important to control for changes in ownership when analyzing divestitures and to control for endogeneity, selection and data attrition when analyzing the effects of divestitures and privatization.     

POST-KEYNESIAN MONETARY THEORY: SOME ISSUES

Abstract. Post-Keynesian monetary theory is of increasing interest to economists in the light of world-wide financial deregulation of financial markets. This paper offers an exposition of the main issues in this area, including an overview of the most divisive issue, that of interest rate determination, and hence, the slope of the money supply function. Post-Keynesian monetary theorists divide into two camps with respect to the determination of interest rates: the 'markup school'and the 'liquidity preference school'. It is argued in the paper that the post-Keynesian theory of the business cycle, which incorporates endogeneity of the money supply, requires a liquidity preference notion of interest rate determination.     

内生金融理论视野中的基础货币供给

内生金融理论认为 ,中央银行基础货币的供给并非是由中央银行完全控制的外生变量 ,而主要是由经济体系内生决定的。本文首先阐述了内生金融理论的主要观点 ,然后在此视野内 ,分别考察了我国基础货币供给四种方式的内生性 ,最后得出要培育良性的货币供给内生机制的启示 ,建议中央银行采取古典的货币供给模式和“钉住利率型”的中介目标 ,以此促进金融经济的稳定、发展     

最终控制人、股权结构与公司绩效——以制造业为例

在对最终控制人分类的基础上,研究股权结构与公司绩效的关系,以我国制造业上市公司为样本的实证结果支持股权结构内生性假设。在考虑到内生性以后,研究发现国有控股公司的股权结构集中度与公司绩效负相关,国有控股的制造业上市公司中处于控股地位的最终控制人对公司绩效的“掠夺之手’’超过了“帮助之手”;而民营控股公司的股权结构集中度与公司绩效呈U型曲线关系,民营制造业上市公司股权结构平均意义上处于U型曲线的左边,即总体“侵占效应”大于“监督效应”。