查处矿山安全隐患的博弈分析

针对我国矿山安全事故频繁的现状,建立了查处矿山安全隐患的博弈模型,并给出了该模型的解。应用这一模型分析出:鸡西矿业集团城子河煤矿在"6·20"事故中,实际上选择了劣策略;广西南丹拉甲坡矿"7·17"事故则是串谋博弈造成的严重后果。     

20世纪90年代拉美国家财政改革的经验与教训

20世纪90年代拉美国家的财政失衡有所缓解,但是债务负担依然沉重,尤其"顺周期"的财政政策导致宏观经济更加不稳定,削弱了抵御外部冲击的能力.在"华盛顿共识"的影响下,拉美国家主要实施了强化财政纪律、调整公共支出结构、大幅度削减关税以及国有企业私有化等方面的财政改革,试图通过中短期的财政调整来解决长期存在的发展依赖外资和收入分配不公等诸多结构性矛盾,然而这种改革方式的有效性非常有限,其财政改革的经验教训可为我国财政改革提供有益的启示和借鉴.     

试论轨道交通工程安全质量隐患的排查治理

本文介绍了我国目前轨道交通工程的现状以及所发生的事故特点、隐患体系,并对如何建立起有效的排查预防机制进行一定的分析探讨。     

Numerical Maximisation of Likelihood: A Neglected Alternative to EM?

There is by now a long tradition of using the EM algorithm to find maximum‐likelihood estimates (MLEs) when the data are incomplete in any of a wide range of ways, even when the observed‐data likelihood can easily be evaluated and numerical maximisation of that likelihood is available as a conceptually simple route to the MLEs. It is rare in the literature to see numerical maximisation employed if EM is possible. But with excellent general‐purpose numerical optimisers now available free, there is no longer any reason, as a matter of course, to avoid direct numerical maximisation of likelihood. In this tutorial, I present seven examples of models in which numerical maximisation of likelihood appears to have some advantages over the use of EM as a route to MLEs. The mathematical and coding effort is minimal, as there is no need to derive and code the E and M steps, only a likelihood evaluator. In all the examples, the unconstrained optimiser nlm available in R is used, and transformations are used to impose constraints on parameters. I suggest therefore that the following question be asked of proposed new applications of EM: Can the MLEs be found more simply and directly by using a general‐purpose numerical optimiser?     

‘Hidden’ expatriates: international mobility in the United Arab Emirates as a challenge to current understanding of expatriation

Expatriates are often assumed to have enhanced terms and conditions and, because that makes them expensive, to be in key managerial or technical specialist roles. Employees who come from abroad and are in more manual or even menial roles are usually referred to as ‘migrants’. However, there are millions of people around the world who are not migrants, their intended sojourn in a foreign country is seen by them and their employers as temporary, but their employment contracts are far from advantageous compared with those of locals. These ‘hidden’ expatriates are brought into focus in the emerging Arab Gulf States. In some of these countries, the population consists mainly of expatriates, with the local population a small minority: These expatriates include many in lower‐management or manual or menial jobs. We demarcate these expatriates from organisationally assigned expatriates, self‐initiated expatriates and migrants. We use qualitative data from such expatriates in the United Arab Emirates to explore the issues this raises for governments, employers and the expatriates – and for our understanding of the phenomenon of expatriation.     

员工隐性人力资本的形成及对工作绩效的影响——基于我国民营制造企业的调查

本文旨在探讨员工隐性人力资本的形成及其对工作绩效的影响,并基于OLS和有序Probit模型进行实证检验。通过对我国民营制造企业员工的调查发现,个人教育程度、人力资源管理状况、组织结构特性和企业文化影响员工隐性人力资本的形成和工作绩效;教育程度与工作绩效负相关,沟通机制与工作绩效正相关,这意味着如果要提高员工中较高学历劳...     

潜规则对会计准则制度变迁的演化博弈分析

会计准则变迁是一种动态演化博弈,强调的是一种动态均衡。会计准则制定过程实际就是利益各方实现动态均衡的过程。潜规则在我国经济改革和制度转轨方面起着重要作用,本文基于演化博弈论分析框架,分析了潜规则对会计准则演化博弈的影响,认为初始条件和当前状态对会计准则的产生和演化有着重要作用。     

现代职业大学的“校力”建设——以福建商业高等专科学校“校力”建设为例

高校的“校力”建设是一个高校内在核心力与凝聚力、外在影响力与辐射力的综合体现。“校力”建设包含一所大学所应具有的“硬实力、软实力、隐实力和巧实力”。高校先进的办学理念、科学的发展定位、雄厚的人才资源、一流的学科专业、完善的教学管理、高效的运行机制、先进的校园文化等，是高校“实力”的基本建设要素。     

浅析体位管理辅助治疗技术在胃酸过多性胃病治疗中的应用构想

本文从胃酸过多性胃病的治疗过程中存在的问题出发,讨论了体位管理辅助治疗技术对治疗胃酸过多性胃病的应用构想,阐述了体位管理辅助治疗技术对治疗胃酸过多性胃病的构想意义并就做好体位管理辅助治疗技术对治疗胃酸过多性胃病的应用构想提出几点建议。     

提高软件可靠性的途径

从软件工程的角度出发,分析了软件开发过程中可能出现的软件错误类型和常见的软件故障,从中得出了一些提高软件可靠性的途径。