Neuroeconomics: Why Economics Needs Brains

Neuroeconomics uses knowledge about brain mechanisms to inform economic theory. It opens up the “black box” of the brain, much as organizational economics opened up the theory of the firm. Neuroscientists use many tools—including brain imaging, behavior of patients with brain damage, animal behavior and recording single neuron activity. The key insight for economics is that the brain is composed of multiple systems which interact. Controlled systems (“executive function”) interrupt automatic ones. Brain evidence complicates standard assumptions about basic preference, to include homeostasis and other kinds of state‐dependence, and shows emotional activation in ambiguous choice and strategic interaction.     

"轮"语——景观设计中的意象创造

“如果人们期望的是一种能够唤起丰富生动的意象的环境,那么人们也期望这种意象能够传播和适应实际变化所需,人们还期望从中发展出新的群体、新的意义和新的诗意。”本文以“轮”为象,以“轮”语之意象阐述了遵义市城市北入口景观方案设计的思路。     

电磁流量与示踪相关流量组合测井仪及其应用

在对电磁流量与示踪相关流量组合测井仪的基本原理、井下仪器结构、仪器工作方式、技术指标等内容进行详细阐述的基础上,进一步运用测井实例分析了电磁流量与示踪相关流量组合测井仪能把电磁流量计、示踪相关流量计、同位素吸水剖面测井仪组合到一起,使附加井温、压力、磁性定位等参数相互印证,得出准确的综合解释结果,从而为油田监测提供准确可靠的测井资料,具有一定的现实意义。     

苏里格气田苏X区盒8段储层测井二次解释及应用

就苏里格气田苏X区盒8段储层测井二次解释进行了研究。在阐述测井资料预处理的基础上,对储气层孔隙度解释、渗透率解释、泥质含量解释、含气饱和度解释的模型与有效厚度下限的确定作了论述。     

直流电阻率法在寻找地下水中的综合应用

为避免单一勘探方法的多解性,提高勘探的准度与精度,在某区的物探找水实践中,综合运用高密度电阻率法,对称四极电测深法、电阻率测井三种方法进行勘探,查明目标井位附近区域的岩性,推断地层的含水性,并根据勘探结果划定钻井布设的合理位置。     

从人机工效角度谈红外热像仪在500kV变电站的实际应用

文章试图从一个新的角度,以人、环境、对象之间的相互关系为分析依据,通过寻求人与红外热像仪的协调性和人性化联系,结合500 kV变电站设备测温实际,给出了在500 kV变电站应用红外热像仪进行设备测温的一种高效应用方法。     

红外热成像测温中导体材料表面的影响及测温效果改进方法

文章介绍了红外热成像测温的基本原理,通过分析电力设备导体表面的物理特性,阐述了电力设备红外热成像测温中导体材料表面特性对测温工作效果的影响,并通过实践论证的方法提出了提高电力设备红外测温工作效率的方法。     

森林采伐限额制度对林农经营行为的影响因素分析——基于浙江省农户调研数据的实证

通过农户问卷调查和关键信息人访谈等方法,了解浙江省景宁县木材采伐管理政策状况;运用计量经济方法分析影响农户木材采伐行为的主要因素。结果显示:受教育程度、办理采伐许可证的时间和费用、乡镇差异对木材采伐行为具有显著影响。因此,提出要加强农户营林培训力度、加大补贴力度、增加县级预留采伐限额指标等加快景宁县林业经济发展的建议。     

中国原木进口与国际原木非法贸易问题的若干思考

在分析认识中国木材供需矛盾问题的基础上,对中国的原木进口和国际非法采伐加剧原木非法贸易之间的关系进行了探讨。中国原木进口依存度高,非法原木进口防范程度低,缺乏应有的进口门槛,行业自律机制不健全,给非法原木贸易提供了机会。为进一步探讨国际反原木非法贸易对中国原木进口需求的影响,文章采用差异化进口需求模型方法,分析了国际打击原木非法贸易背景下中国原木进口需求的相关数量变化关系。研究结果表明,中国的原木进口正在朝着理性的方向进展,来自美国、新西兰的原木进口比重日益增加而来自非法原木高危国的原木进口日益减少。基于研究提出中国应提高自身的生产能力以及完善合法认证体系,降低原木的进口依赖,同时发挥大国作用,一起推动非法原木高危国的木材合法认证体系的发展。     

Patient- and clinician-reported satisfaction with pharmacological stress agents for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI)

Abstract

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare clinician and patient measures of satisfaction with two pharmacological stress agents (PSA), regadenoson and dipyridamole, used in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MPI).

Methods:

This observational study included patients who had undergone SPECT MPI with regadenoson or dipyridamole, as well as the clinician/clinical technologist who performed the test. Mean scores for individual item and domain scores of the main outcome measures were computed as well as the effect sizes (ES) of the mean difference in scores between treatment groups. Statistical significance of the mean item and domain score differences were assessed via Mann-Whitney tests.

Main outcomes measures:

Two self-report questionnaires which had beeb previously developed and validated: Patient Satisfaction/Preference Questionnaire (PSPQ) and Clinician Satisfaction/Preference Questionnaire (CSPQ).

Results:

A total of 87 patients (68 received regadenoson, 19 received dipyridamole) and nine clinicians/clinical technologists took part in the study. Patients had a mean age of 66.8?±?12.2 years, and 56.3% were male. Compared to dipyridamole, use of regadenoson was associated with greater clinician satisfaction on all items and domains of the CSPQ (p?<?0.001 for all comparisons). Among patients, regadenoson was associated with less bother and greater satisfaction than dipyridamole for all items on the PSPQ. These patients reported less stinging at the injection site (ES?=??0.66) and less nervousness during injection (ES?=??0.60). The PSPQ found that regadenoson patients were more satisfied with their PSA than dipyridamole patients in all areas.

Limitations:

This study utilized a relatively small sample size of dipyridamole patients and lacked an adenosine group. A broader sampling of professionals would also help demonstrate generalizability.

Conclusion:

Both patients and clinicians reported higher satisfaction with regadenoson compared to dipyridamole for SPECT-MPI. Clinicians were particularly satisfied with the preparation and administration aspects of the drug, while patients rated it highly on convenience and reduced incidence of side-effects.