新时期中国-伊朗跨国投资领域及实施初探

中国加入WTO后,面临着国内产业结构升级换代和企业海外发展的现实抉择.考虑到中国在能源、交通、机电、轻工、水力水电、大坝、机械等方面有明显的比较优势以及伊朗在传统手工地毯、开心果栽培等方面拥有的独特技术优势,积极开展新时期中国-伊朗跨国投资便成为中-伊两国的自然选择.从跨国投资理论、产业结构演变理论、区域规划理论等角度来分析新时期中伊两国间开展跨国投资的领域、投资方式和投资战略设计,并提出相应对策,更能有效地推动两国日益紧密的经贸联系进入新阶段.     

国内外果品农残监测的分析

本文分析了我国及欧、美、日、澳、巴西等国家果品农药残留的监管措施，并就我国果品等农产品的农残监测提出建议。     

Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Quality and Safety Attributes in Artisanal Fruit Juices in Kenya

This study used choice experiment survey data from a random sample of 374 respondents to analyze consumer preferences for quality and safety attributes of artisanal fruit juices in Kenya. Results show that consumers had a positive and significant preference for single fruit juices compared to fruit mixtures, private rather than public inspection of the juices, traceability of fruit origin, and vendor’s health. Additives such as colorants, flavors, and preservatives were not preferred. Consumers were willing to pay premiums of up to 200% for artisanal juices that contain single fruits, lack additives, and are inspected by private agencies. These insights should be incorporated in ensuring that artisanal fruit juice designs comply with food quality and safety requirements. Further, there is a need to license and regulate the artisanal juice preparation and handling and to provide training to the handlers on safety and quality requirements.     

When nutritional guidelines and life collide: family fruit and vegetable socialisation practices in low socioeconomic communities

Abstract

Parents play a critical role in promoting fruit and vegetable consumption, for eating patterns established early in life tend to persist into adulthood. Despite this, the factors that facilitate or inhibit parents’ capacity to socialise fruit and vegetable consumption into their children’s daily diets remain poorly defined. Thirty-eight semi-structured interviews with residents, allied healthcare professionals, community leaders, community programme leaders and a local government leader living or working in two low socioeconomic suburbs were consequently conducted to ascertain factors exogenous and endogenous to the family unit that shaped parental food socialisation practices. Budgetary and time constraints emerged as exogenous factors that constrained fruit and vegetable socialisation. Constraining effects were also found for a range of endogenous factors, including commensal experiences, children’s food fussiness and the feeding styles employed by parents. As such, while many caregivers may wish to socialise fruit and vegetable consumption into their children’s daily diets, their capacity to do so is often inhibited by factors beyond their volitional control. Failure to take heed of these factors could therefore result in the development of social marketing campaigns that are ineffective at best or give rise to unintentionally harmful outcomes at worst.     

Stated Willingness-to-Pay for Organic Fruit and Pesticide Ban

Abstract

Income growth in highly industrialised countries has resulted in consumer choice of foodstuffs no longer being primarily influenced by basic factors such as price and organoleptic features. From this perspective, the present study sets out to evaluate how and to what extent consumer choice is influenced by the possible negative effects on health and environment caused by the consumption of fruit containing deposits of pesticides and chemical products.

The study describes the results of a survey which explores and estimates consumer willingness to pay in two forms: a yearly contribution for the abolition of the use of pesticides on fruit, and a premium price for organically grown apples guaranteed by a certified label. The same questionnaire was administered to two samples. The first was a conventional face-to-face survey of customers of large retail outlets located around Bologna (Italy); the second was an Internet sample. The discrete choice data were analysed by means of probit and tobit models to estimate the utility consumers attribute to organically grown fruit and to a pesticide ban. The research also addresses questions of validity and representativeness as a fundamental problem in web-based surveys.     

浙江省水果业产业化经营战略分析

水果业已成为浙江省农业的主导产业之一,文章分析了浙江省水果业的生产现状及面临的压力,挖掘并总结了浙江省发展水果业的竞争优势,提出实施产业化经营战略的必要性及对策、实施产业化的模式选择和应注意的问题,以进一步提升浙江省水果业的竞争力。     

以河北省果品产业比较优势迎接入世挑战

本文分析加入WTO后,我国农业面临的挑战和机遇,指出果品产业的比较优势,总结河北省果品产业的发展状况和存在的问题,提出扩大规模经营、推广“公司＋农户”的产业模式,增加科技含量、提高果品质量、增加果品附加值、实施名牌战略、开发绿色果品等措施,以推动河北省果品产业的可持续发展,迎接入世的挑战。     

Consumer Behavior Toward Eco-Labeled Minimally Processed Fruit Product

The authors proposed an analysis of the determinants of purchase intentions and willingness to pay for minimally processed fruit. For this purpose, on-field research was conducted that involved 589 consumers. A questionnaire, gathered in Italy and based on a Likert scale, was administered to investigate intentions to purchase minimally processed fruit from environmentally sustainable farms, simulating a minimally processed product with an eco-label. Via structural equation modeling, the authors develop propositions representing a theoretical approach in the context of purchasing food products. By analyzing two different types of consciousness (health and green), the deduced managerial implications make it possible to assess that the green consciousness influences the attitude and affects the choices and behaviors of consumers. The potential adoption of an eco-label on this kind of food product could be seen as a useful marketing tool for new markets.     

构建农业产业化经营模式 推动茂名水果业持续发展

水果业是茂名市农村经济的支柱产业,但是,近几年随着种植面积的扩大和水果产量的增加,产值反而在逐年递减,其主要原因是缺少现代农业的科学规范的种植和管理,为此从建设农业现代化的角度,提出了构建农业产业化的经营模型和具体操作办法,这对推动茂名水果业的持续发展和社会主义新农村建设有着一定的指导价值。     

我国柑桔的国际竞争力分析

通过对市场占有率、显示性比较优势指数的分析,表明我国我国柑桔产品中除了宽皮柑桔外,其他柑桔产品在国际上几乎没有竞争力;我国的宽皮柑桔在1998年之前具有国际竞争力,但在1998年之后不具备国际竞争力;分析了我国柑桔产业缺乏国际竞争力的原因,提出了组建柑桔协会等中介组织、大力发展柑桔加工业等对策措施。