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1.
Various authors, including Elinor Ostrom, have shown that the legal form of a cooperative has many of the characteristics of a Common. Here we focus on cooperative conversion, through which conventional enterprises become labor‐managed firms (LMFs), viewing it dynamically as a communalization process. These processes are addressed in the light of a field survey carried out in France, looking at six firms involved in cooperative conversion. The changes entailed are two‐dimensional, both material and mental. This is visible, for example, when finding the capital to mount an LMF: members of the workforce must draw on their own funds; they must also believe in the project. Through our empirical observations we highlight the obstacles in the way of forming an LMF. In particular participants must undertake a work of negotiation hinging on stakes marked by the two, largely inseparable dimensions. Ultimately we query the ethic brought into play in the collective action of constituting a Common. Specifically, individuals must contribute to a collective action underpinned by principles of self‐governance, or commoning, the rock on which the Common rests. A key finding of our study is to demonstrate that a Common can only be successfully created if the constituent processes are consistent with the overall goal. In other words the manner in which we travel is inseparable from our final destination; otherwise we shall surely lose our way. 相似文献
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The empirical literature on farmer cooperatives is now fast emerging and developing in the areas of performance, ownership and governance, finance, and member attitude. We discuss 56 peer‐reviewed publications to illustrate the main findings and conclusions while outlining challenges and opportunities for future research. Generally, cooperative membership is found to positively impact price, yield, input adoption, income, and other indicators of member performance, yet there is growing evidence of an uneven distribution of benefits for small and large producers. In terms of structure, evidence of a causal relationship of ownership and governance to performance has been elusive, yet there are now many findings of inherent equity and long‐term debt constraints, often in the context of consolidation to drive scale and scope economies. Further inefficiency is observed to be driven by increased heterogeneity in member attitudes and objectives, in particular in terms of commitment and participation. Thus, overall, empirical work portrays farmer cooperatives as flawed and complex business organizations which nonetheless have a strong positive impact on its members. While applied research may progress in various directions, a general improvement in empirical methodologies is needed to allow robust analysis of mixed objectives in dynamic environments. 相似文献
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The Median Voter Theory is an important theory in the neo-political economics. It can be applied to solve the collective choice
paradox and analyze the policy making for the citizenization of peasant workers. Adopting the method of factor analysis, this
paper makes an empirical study on peasant workers’ preference for citizenization. We find that there is a paradox of future
residence preference and self-identification in peasant workers. On this basis, peasant workers are divided into 5 subgroups,
and it is found that the median undecided peasant workers are the median voters. Based on the analysis of the median undecided
peasant worker’s complaints and appeals, it is proposed that the country should strengthen the vocational training system,
establish a social security system, expand the agricultural reform and promote educational reform to facilitate the citizenization
of peasant workers.
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Translated from Guanli Shijie 맜理世界 (Management World), 2007, (4): 40–67 相似文献
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孙仲彝 《上海市经济管理干部学院学报》2006,4(6):15-20
本文从理论和实际的结合上,对我国发展集体经济的认识与实践进行历史和现实的思考,阐述了以新型集体经济的理念改造传统集体企业,发展多种形式的集体经济,坚持和完善社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度,推进中国特色社会主义事业发展的理论思路。 相似文献
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农村合作金融的制度安排与绩效--日本经验及借鉴 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目前我国农村信用社进入深化改革阶段,在产权制度、管理体制、运作模式等方面都取得了一定成效,但仍存在着一些问题.本文介绍了日本农村合作金融的制度安排,探讨其成功经验,在此基础上提出对我国农村信用社改革的经验借鉴. 相似文献
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曹水群 《陕西省行政学院陕西省经济管理干部学院学报》2007,21(3):108-110
农民合作社提高了农民的组织化程度,改变了单家独户进入市场的弱势地位,解决了农民进入市场的难题。农民合作社的作用主要表现为:促进农村经济的发展和农民收入的提高;有利于农民素质的提高,促进农村精神文明建设;促进农村的民主法制建设。在社会主义新农村建设的过程中,必须重视合作社的积极作用,减少合作社发展过程中的不利因素,扶持并规范合作社健康发展。 相似文献
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王新志 《山东工商学院学报》2006,20(3):78-82
山东农村信用社存在产权不清、不良资产过重、管理体制不完善等问题,已严重制约了其正常发展与生存。要以改革管理体制和产权制度为重点,使农村信用社发展进入良性循环轨道。 相似文献