网上证券交易的国际比较和借鉴

网上证券交易是全球证券经纪业务发展的一大趋势，而我国在这方面尚处于初步发展阶段，文章主要阐述借鉴其他国家在网上证券交易的相关做法，结合我国现状提出对发展我国网上证券业务的建议。     

英文科技语篇中的人称"照应"与汉译

照应是语篇衔接研究的一个重要论题,也是英汉科技语篇翻译中不容忽视的问题.人称照应在英语的科技语篇中体现出不同于其他语篇类型的特点.如何解读照应词是翻译过程的关键.译者应该运用汉语偏爱的衔接手段取得与原文异曲同工的效果.     

Strategic groups as reference groups: Theory,modeling and empirical examination of industry and competitive strategy

Previous studies on strategic groups have mainly focused on their static characteristics in order to test the theory of strategic groups and intraindustry performance differences (Porter, 1979; Cool and Schendel, 1988; Fiegenbaum and Thomas, 1990). In contrast, this study takes a longitudinal, dynamic perspective and describes the forces driving strategic group membership and structural evolution. It proposes that a strategic group acts as a reference point for group members in formulating competitive strategy. A partial adjustment model of strategic mobility is then developed which incorporates the idea of a strategic group as a reference group. It models strategic change in an industry both within and across strategic groups. The model is tested in the context of an in-depth industry analysis of the more significant firms in the insurance industry over the 1970-84 time period. The results suggest that strategic groups act as reference points for firm strategies and that predictions of future firm strategies and industry/group structures may also be successfully derived.     

Across-the-Curve Credit Spread Indices

We design a novel across-the-curve credit spread index, AXI, a measure of the recent cost of wholesale unsecured debt funding for publicly listed US bank holding companies and commercial banks. AXI, a benchmark for bank lending and risk management, is the weighted average of credit spreads for unsecured debt instruments with maturities ranging from overnight to five years, with weights that reflect both transaction and issuance volumes. We provide illustrative output of the bond-based component of AXI. By widening coverage to include all corporate debt issuers, we also build a financial conditions index (FXI).     

网络环境下的我国图书馆文献信息资源共享的对策分析

着重分析了在高速发展的网络时代,我国图书馆文献信息资源共享的特点,并针对网络环境下我国图书馆文献信息资源共享所存在的问题提供解决措施。     

Preferences in the Future

Environmental economics has been much occupied with the discount rate, which is the value of future costs and benefits relative to present costsor benefits. But at least as important is the question of whatshould be discounted, that is, what the value of those future environmentalbenefits is to future generations. This paper analyzes the role for futurepreferences and discusses the state of knowledge. I argue that theappropriate discount rate is the market one, and that the real problemis determining future willingness-to-pay. This approach makes clearerthe connection between discounting and the valuation debate.This paper focuses on two features that have been prominent in that debate:existence value and reference dependence. I argue that thereis a vital connection between the two constructs and that this link yieldsimportant implications for future willingness-to-pay.     

美英德日银行公司治理比较

本文通过对美英德日银行公司治理的比较，发现治理的目标的一致性，即通过发挥管理和监督功能，来实现公司价值的最大化或股东价值的最大化。但由于法律制度、资本市场、政治体制的差异，各国银行公司治理结构模式又不尽相同。本文试图在进行比较研究的基础上，为我国银行改善公司治理提供启示和借鉴。     

The Attitudes of British National Health Service Managers and Clinicians Towards the Introduction of Benchmarking

This paper describes an empirical study, conducted in three acute hospitals, of the attitudes of central managers, medical managers and clinicians towards the adoption of benchmarking. Benchmarking was portrayed in The New NHS White Paper (1997) as an important means of improving efficiency over the next decade. The present paper examines the context of change and nature of benchmarking. Findings are presented in seven sections including: the understanding which respondents had of benchmarking; their willingness to be involved in benchmarking; the existence of strategies and policies for implementing benchmarking; the relevance of existing costing information; and the role of networks in facilitating benchmarking. The study concludes that the process of change adopted contradicted most of the factors associated with creating receptivity to change. Also, that the publication of the National Reference Costs seemed to have more relevance to resource planning at central National Health Service Management Executive level, than to effecting improvements at operational level in acute hospitals.     

日本农地改良事业做法及对我国的启示

[目的]日本的农地改良事业起步较早且成效显著,总结日本在农地改良事业方面的做法对推动我国高标准农田建设、保障国家粮食安全具有重要参考价值。[方法]文章以大量一手调研资料和数据为依据,梳理分析了日本农地改良事业的发展阶段和成效,总结了日本农地改良在法律保障、政府管理、计划评估、技术支撑及实施主体方面的主要做法。[结果]立足中国高标准农田建设的实际情况,提出4点启示与建议:(1)将高标准农田建设统一到农业部门管理,提高政府决策和资金使用效率。(2)发挥农户在高标准农田建设中主体作用,明确农户在高标准农田建设中的责任和义务。(3)加强对高标准农田建成后的管理与维护,按照"谁受益、谁管护"的原则,明确管护主体、管护责任和管护义务。(4)提高政府对高标准农田建设的投资强度,提高高标准农田面积比例,增加单位面积投资标准,提高田间基础设施使用寿命。[结论]日本农地改良事业的做法及启示对我国农业生产和发展有着重要意义。     

外资并购下发达国家产业安全防范体系的比较研究——对我国装备制造产业安全防范的启示

通过对美国、德国、韩国、日本等发达国家和新兴工业国家应对外资并购、保护国内重要产业安全的措施体系的比较分析,揭示了发达国家产业安全防范体系的基本架构,即以构建和完善外资并购的法律体系为核心,以设立专门审查机构,加强重点个案处理能力为调整手段。这样的产业安全防范框架体系,对我国的产业安全保护具有直接的借鉴意义。