Goals versus institutions: the development of performance measurement in the Swedish university sector

This paper contrasts goal-directed and institutional approaches to the development of performance measurement (PM) in the Swedish university sector, which has been subject to increasing emphasis on management by objectives since the early 1990s. We adopt a macro perspective, focusing on recent changes in PM related to governmental control of universities and colleges and combine an extensive review of archival data with interviews in our empirical analysis. It is concluded that although the goal-directed model cannot be completely rejected as a heuristic informing recent changes in PM, a process-orientated institutional perspective considerably enriches the analysis by making it less static and more contextually informed. In particular, the latter perspective better explains the evolution of loose couplings between formally stated goals and performance indicators and between different systems for PM by directing attention to the complex interplay between conflicting constituent interests in the evolution of resource and cost allocation practices and quality control procedures. However, our empirical analysis also leads us to reconsider the conceptions of loose coupling as either a “given” feature of institutionalised organizations or an outcome of more pro-active resistance at the micro level prevailing in much earlier work in institutional theory.     

资源型城企物流耦合系统的系统动力学模型及其应用

从资源型企业拥有的物流资源优势出发，构建了资源型企业物流与资源型城市物流耦合系统，埘资源型城企物流耦合进行系统动力学模型设计，建立了耦合系统的系统动力学模型．通过对济宁市和兖州矿业集团的实际情况进行模拟和运行结果分析。从物流角度为资源型企业下一步的转型和发展提供了参考。     

绿色普惠金融与乡村振兴耦合能否助推经济发展？

基于2011—2020年中国30个省（自治区、直辖市）的相关面板数据,利用耦合协调度和空间回归模型,分析绿色普惠金融与乡村振兴耦合协调发展水平并进一步探讨其对经济的助推作用。结果表明：绿色普惠金融与乡村振兴之间存在耦合协调机制;无论在经济空间还是地理空间中,某一地区的耦合协调度均可以促进本地及周边地区经济增长;在东、中、西部区域中,耦合协调度的经济效应具备空间外溢性和地区异质性。基于此,提出在全国范围内整体提升耦合协调度、在不同区域内立足区域实际进行精准施策的建议。     

基于功能耦合的供应链系统研究

论述了供应链研究的现状与存在的不足,分析了供应链协同运作的体制障碍及供应链系统协同运作的必要性,最后建立了一个基于协同运作的供应链耦合系统。     

基于人地系统视角的小城镇可持续发展

本文从人地关系的角度入手,通过对小城镇人地系统的剖析,指出当前小城镇发展中的问题实质是人地关系问题,据此提出构建小城镇自组织机制以增强综合竞争能力,创建耗散结构以推动开放,利用势差以促进产业发展,保护生态以创造优越区域结构和加强分类指导以推动小城镇有序发展乃小城镇可持续发展之现实途径。     

河西地区农牧地域分异与农牧耦合探讨

农牧耦合存在两种基本耦合类型:一是特定地域农(牧)生态系统中农牧业生产之间的内部耦合;二是不同地域农(牧)生态系统之间的农牧空间耦合。在对河西地区农牧空间耦合的自然环境、历史发展、现状结构和问题分析基础上,结合对农牧空间耦合的理论探讨,提出了河西地区农牧空间耦合的发展对策。     

中国城市化与生态环境耦合规律与实证分析

本文在阐明城市化与生态环境交互耦合含义的基础上,利用城市化的S型生长曲线和生态环境演变的倒U型曲线,演绎出城市化与生态环境耦合的规律曲线,并以中国的实际数据为例,进行实证分析。研究表明:(1)生态环境随城市化发展呈现出着先恶化、后改善的不规则倒U型耦合规律,但该规律曲线只是它们实际耦合的一种演变趋势;(2)1985～2005年间,中国工业废水排放量与城市化水平耦合表现出先倒U型和后U型的阶段特征,而这种特征曲线正是技术进步、产业结构高级化、人们环保意识的增强以及经济增长的压力等因素综合作用的结果。     

The Dynamics of Location in Home Price

It is well established that house prices are dynamic. It is also axiomatic that location influences such selling prices, motivating our objective of incorporating spatial information in explaining the evolution of house prices over time. In this paper, we propose a rich class of spatio-temporal models under which each property is point referenced and its associated selling price modeled through a collection of temporally indexed spatial processes. Such modeling includes and extends all house price index models currently in the literature, and furthermore permits distinction between the effects of time and location. We study single family residential sales in two distinct submarkets of a metropolitan area and further categorize the data into single- and multiple-transaction observations. We find the spatial component is very important in explaining house price. Moreover, the relative homogeneity of homes within the submarket and the frequency with which homes sell affects the pattern of variation across space and time. Differences between single and repeat sale data are evident. The methodology is applicable to more general capital asset pricing when location is anticipated to be influential.     

多层微波集成电路中微带线层间互连仿真

针对多层微波集成电路设计的微带线层间互连问题，介绍了垂直通孔互连、垂直带条互连和层耦合过渡互连三种高性能的互连方法，并且采用三维电磁仿真软件HFSS对这三种互连结构进行了建模和仿真。仿真结果表明，垂直通孔互连和垂直带条互连在0.1～25 GHz的频宽范围内，回波损耗S11<-20 dB，插入损耗S21>-1 dB，互连性能优良，而层耦合过渡互连在20～68 GHz内回波损耗S11 <-20 dB，插入损耗S21>-1 dB，具有在毫米波频段实现互连的潜力。     

一种基于SIR结构的三通带带通滤波器

应用双指耦合结构和枝节加载谐振器（Stub-loaded Resonator，SLR）实现了一款基于阶梯阻抗谐振器（Stepped Impedance Resonator，SIR）的滤波器。该滤波器具有3个通带，带外抑制较好，工作频段提高。通过调整阻抗比可调节第二、三通带的谐振频率；SLR结构能够增加通带数量；SLR结构和双指耦合结构均能改善滤波器的S参数。HFSS软件仿真表明，3个通带的中心频率分别为3.5 GHz、6.6 GHz、9.2 GHz，对应的分数带宽分别为5.7%、3%、2%，S11分别为-18 dB、-22 dB、-24 dB，通带内的S21分别为-1.8 dB、-1 dB、-1 dB。电路的测量结果与仿真结果较为吻合。该滤波器在5G通信的低频段具有应用前景。