刍议教育消费及其保护

随着我国加入WTO,有偿教育和教育消费的观念已经引起院校和广大学生及其家长的关注。随着教育消费理念的提出,学生作为教育消费者其正当权益的保护必将对传统的办学方式带来冲击,同时,各类院校的内部管理体制和运行机制也将产生一系列的调整。     

从消费主义到消费正义——科学发展考察的新视角

消费主义作为一种文化意识形态,是资本运行的逻辑结果,其带来的一系列后果必然阻碍社会的科学发展。从消费主义走向消费正义是科学发展的题中之义。以消费正义促科学发展,一是要限制人类对自然的掠夺性消费,坚持可持续消费;二是要实现公平合理的消费,重建人与人之间和谐共生的关系;三是要实现精神消费与物质消费的平衡,凸显＂以人为本＂,促进人的全面自由发展。     

论消费主义对大学生思想道德的影响

消费主义对大学生政治观、人生观、道德观、生态观的养成都产生一定程度的冲击。高校要全面贯彻落实党的教育方针,坚持人才培养的正确方向,引导大学生树立正确的世界观、人生观、价值观、生态观和消费理念,促进大学生健康成长。     

过度金融化产生的道德风险

从更为宏观和历史的眼光看,这次美国金融危机是全球经济过度金融化的后果。所谓金融化,即经济活动的重心从产业部门转向金融部门,集中到金融资产的管理、流动和增值上来,金融资产的增长速度超过甚至远远高于实体经济的发展速度。以美国为例,依托于房地产、股票和债券等金融资产炒作的产业在GDP中的占比从1950年的11．3%上升到2007年的20．67％。     

Reasons To Be Ethical: Self-Interest and Ethical Business

This paper examines the self-interested reasons that businesses can have for ethical behaviour. It distinguishes between economic and non-economic reasons and, among the latter, notes those connected with the self-esteem of managers. It offers a detailed typology of prudential reasons for ethical behaviour, laying particular stress on those to do with avoiding punishment by society for wrongdoing and, more particularly still, stresses the role of campaigning pressure groups within that particular category of reasons. It goes on to suggest that because of their occupation of the moral high ground, campaigning groups are well placed to damage the self-esteem of managers and that this is why those groups seem able to exert an influence that goes beyond their somewhat limited capacity to inflict economic damage upon businesses. The paper concludes with the suggestion that we may be witnessing a virtuous spiral whereby rising public expectations of morality in business lead to ever increasing moral commitments by business that then cause those expectations to rise still further.     

Participation in Green Consumer Policies: Deliberative Democracy under Wrong Conditions?

In policy debates about reducing environmental and social harms, political consumerism is often called for by actors from a broad political spectrum. This paper examines traits of deliberative democracy in cases where instruments of political consumerism (eco-labelling, certificates and standards) are developed. The empirical cases are processes surrounding eco-labelled, standardised forestry, food and electricity in Sweden. In green forestry certification, deliberative processes have taken place close to deliberative democracy ideals. Yet, these processes have been made possible because of equal power levels, although power, according to deliberative theory, should be irrelevant. In organic food labelling, a smothering consensus climate has enabled deliberation, although such a policy condition is at odds with certain deliberative democracy ideals. In electricity labelling, its deliberative processes were embraced by everyone, although the problem scope was narrowly defined, whilst fundamental problems were not addressed. If deliberative democracy researchers become involved in critical frame reflection in consumer-oriented policy making, changes can be made that help reduce environmental harms and strengthen public engagement in political consumerism.     

Mediated communication of ‘sustainable consumption’ in the alternative media: a case study exploring a message framing strategy

In view of previous effects of mediated communication on public knowledge, perceptions and concern about sustainability problems, this case study explores a message framing strategy for improving the effectiveness of mediated communication of the somewhat neglected topic of sustainable consumption. It describes how an information campaign on sustainable consumption was strategically framed, employing theories on effective and persuasive communication, and implemented through a community news medium in Christchurch, New Zealand. The resultant impacts of the campaign (significant increases in understanding of sustainable consumption and in the number of parents expressing concern over advertising effects on their children's material desires) were indicative of the potentials of employing strategic message framing for improving mediated communication about sustainability. The study also illustrates the potentials for engaging alternative media in such communication. This paper argues that further steps to develop message framing strategies for mediated communication of sustainable consumption is necessary, as this appears to be a largely neglected area in communication and consumer studies, and concludes with an overview of aspects that may be considered in future communication and other initiatives promoting sustainable consumption as a means for achieving sustainability.     

论消费在促进经济发展方式转变中的作用——从如何看待消费主义谈起

应当重视消费对转变经济发展方式的促进作用。为此需要坚持马克思有关生产与消费辩证关系的理论，关注全球消费呈现的新特点，借鉴国外学者对消费主义的批判。我国消费方式更新既要着重解决“消费不够”的问题，又要引导防止“消费不当”问题。努力做到“生存消费保证、享受消费适度、发展消费引导”，倡导“理性消费、节约资源、美好生活”。     

消费主义在中国:表现、危害及治理

消费主义是一种崇尚和追求过度的占有和消费作为满足自我和人生目标的价值取向，以及在这种价值观念支配下的行为实践。消费主义在我国的经济生活、社会生活和思想意识领域造成极大危害，对此切不可掉以轻心。扼制消费主义应采取多种手段，对其进行综合治理。     

论中国当代的消费主义文化——以电子产品的消费为例

在当下中国,在外来文化特别是商业文化的冲击下．传统的消费文化发生了很大变化,其内涵也越来越深刻。首先,电子产品以其独特之处以及其在消费市场所构成的特别消费现象,成为中国当代消费主义文化的基本态势,商品作为某种特定的符号意义进行生产消费。其次,传媒和中国当代消费主义文化的联系更加紧密,时尚在促进文化交流、活跃市场经济方面的作用越来越巨大,但也造成国人消费观念的畸形发展。再次,传媒在影响中国当代消费主义文化的同时也带来了积极变化：传统媒体信息传播方式发生改变,媒体对消费个体单向度的信息灌输变成了有消费者参与的信息传播的双向互动过程,特别是互联网的普及,个人在信息的选择上拥有了更多的自主性。