我国海洋渔业资源利用中个体理性与集体理性的矛盾及其协调

本文论述了海洋渔业资源中个体理性与集体理性矛盾产生的根源，指出并分析了协调这些矛盾的措施：一是限制渔船的数量，二是采取各种措施恢复海洋渔业资源，三是实施配额捕捞制度。在前述分析的基础上作者提出了完善这些措施的对策和建议。     

渔业管理问题之经济学透视

近年来，全球渔业普遍面临着过度投资、种群枯竭、渔获量下降和资源利用冲突加剧等问题，严重阻碍了渔业可持续发展目标的实现。本论文从经济学的角度，分析了渔业经济绩效最大化问题、渔业过度投资和渔业资源过度利用问题、渔业管理制度安排及其激励效应问题。在此基础上，总结归纳了成功的渔业管理制度必须满足的一些必要条件。     

Are EU trade preferences really effective? An impact evaluation assessment of the Southern Mediterranean Countries’ case

This work assesses the causal impact of the EU trade preferences granted to the Southern Mediterranean Countries (SMCs) in agriculture and fishery products over the period 2004–2014. It overcomes some of the weaknesses of previous assessments and presents several methodological improvements. Firstly, it relies on a continuous treatment – i.e. preferential margins – to capture the ‘average treatment effect’ of trade preferences, rather than on a binary treatment based on dummy variables. Secondly, it uses highly disaggregated data at sectoral level in order to evaluate properly the preferential treatment. Thirdly, it applies a non-parametric matching technique for continuous treatment – specifically, a generalized propensity score matching. The results show, on the one hand, that the impact of the EU preferences is positive and significant on SMCs trade and is better evaluated using impact evaluation techniques. On the other hand, they demonstrate that the relationship between preferences and trade flows is asymmetric and warn against the risk of providing too much of a good thing. These results raise important issues for policy-making. First, they demonstrate that raising the level of preferences is not the solution to foster the SMCs trade towards EU. Second, that the policy-makers should put more emphasis on complementary factors other than trade barriers.     

海域"双评价"的实践与应用——以温州为例

"双评价"(资源环境承载能力评价和国土空间开发适宜性评价)作为构建国土空间基本战略格局的科学基础尚未延伸至海洋层面。海域"双评价"作为沿海地区国土空间规划工作的重要内容,存在理论缺失、技术方法不完善等问题。文章以海域功能理论为基础,从人类海洋活动出发,探索海域"双评价"的实践方案,建立"双评价"到海域利用优化的科学逻辑,指出基于"双评价"的海域利用冲突识别是海洋空间规划的关键。以温州市海域为例,基于本底资源从空间、渔业、环境和生态四方面进行单要素承载力测算,以此获得海域综合承载力作为监测预警的标志。选择渔业用海和建设用海两类典型用海进行适宜性分析,确定海洋空间利用的最优布局,判断海域利用空间冲突。结果表明:温州市沿海区县的海洋承载能力差异较大,资源环境分化严重,龙湾区与洞头区渔业资源开发超载;乐清市与龙湾区的海洋环境超载。渔业用海适宜面积占比较低且分布于远海地带。不适宜区域集中于瓯江、飞云江、鳌江三江入海口岸海域。建设用海适宜区域集中于近岸海域,远海区域距离城镇与交通较远,自然条件中水深较深,成本较高。苍南县和平阳县海域利用冲突较少,用海布局合理。乐清市、龙湾区与洞头区存在显著冲突。"双评价"的实践与应用是指导沿海地区海洋经济发展与海洋资源保护的关键,能够综合识别海洋利用的冲突,有助于沿海地区海洋空间规划。     

海洋休闲渔业开发的实证研究——以青岛甘水湾为例

随着渔业环境的改变,我国的产业实践和学术研究不断探寻与总结休闲渔业的发展出路,以利休闲渔业的持续发展。文章通过对青岛市甘水湾村休闲渔业发展条件的分析以及发展现状的研究,提出抓住新机遇,升级休闲渔业的对策,以期为其他沿海地区发展现代休闲渔业提供借鉴。     

Assessing fishers' empowerment in inland openwater fisheries in Bangladesh

The Community Based Fisheries Management (CBFM) approach has made a significant contribution towards improvement of fishers' empowerment of inland openwater fisheries in Bangladesh aiming to manage their resources efficiently. This arrangement introduced CBFM approaches named fisher-led, community-led and women-led approach. A wider range of local institutional arrangements as community based organizations (CBOs) have been established through participatory process with legal entity. Now, the CBOs as local institutions and fishers are more empowered in participation of fishery management under co-management arrangement. The study reveals that there is still lack of institutional arrangement to be achieved at optimum level. This paper presents and assesses the empowerment status of the fisher communities in inland openwater fisheries under co-management arrangement in Bangladesh through Factor analysis and regression model. This study might have policy implication to replicate the community based fishery management approach to promote empowerment for better management.     

洞庭湖区淡水渔业发展现状和制约因素分析——以湖南南县为例

南县是湖南省高效渔业先进县,也是洞庭湖淡水渔业县的典型代表。改革以来,南县淡水渔业得到了快速发展。本文结合实际调研与历史数据,分析了南县淡水渔业发展情况,并从产业链环节分析了存在的问题,提出了加强养殖环节基础设施建设支持力度、加强技术培训、加快水产品批发市场和信息渠道建设、发展水产加工业、培育社会化服务组织、落实池塘使用权证等相关政策建议。     

浙江渔业发展与可持续发展研究

浙江是我国重点渔业省份,其发展海洋渔业经济具有得天独厚的经济区位优势,浙江渔业在全国具有举足轻重的地位。论文在回顾浙江渔业发展的历史进程并总结浙江渔业发展取得的成绩与经验基础上,探讨了浙江渔业发展规律,提出浙江渔业可持续发展的战略选择。     

南沙海洋渔业发展面临的挑战及其对策

南沙海域水产资源极其丰富,是我国最大的热带渔场,自20世纪80年代中期恢复渔业生产以来,南沙现代渔业得到了快速发展。然而,南沙的渔业生产也面I瞄渔业资源遭掠夺、渔业生产条件恶劣、涉外事件频发和渔业执法护航力量薄弱等诸多问题和挑战。为使南沙渔业又好又快发展,必须从思想认识、组织形式、管理制度、基础设施和政治努力等方面来采取相应对策。     

我国海洋渔业生态失衡机制与修复研究

本文在构建评价指标体系的基础上,对我国海洋渔业生态环境进行了综合评价,认为我国海洋渔业生态面临的失衡威胁正逐渐增强;并从自然和人为因素两个角度剖析了我国海洋渔业生态失衡的内在机理,并结合有关研究成果,构建了我国海洋渔业生态修复技术体系;最后,提出了防治我国海洋渔业生态失衡态势恶化的具体途径与措施。