计划、市场与分权--兼论我国分权化改革的经济体制背景

分权并不简单地与某一特定的经济体制联系在一起，但就自身性质而言．分权却是与计划经济体制相悖的，这就决定了在计划经济体制下推行分权化改革必将破坏计划经济集权的体制基础。分权与市场经济体制具有相容性，使得在市场经济中成功地进行分权化改革至少具备了理论上的可行性。在新旧体制并存的转轨时期．为了分权化改革的成功，我国应注意处理好分权、计划与市场之间的相互关系。     

转型经济学的"转型":超越渐进与激进的两分法 --对中国经济转轨进程的再思考

随着计划经济向市场经济的过渡，“激进式改革”和“渐进式改革”两条转轨路径成为转轨经济学中讨论最多的话题。但是，“激进”与“渐进”对于速度的强调转移了人们应该关注的重点，这种区分在逻辑上并不能为制度变迁提供令人信服的解释，也不能反映出任何一个国家转轨的复杂进程。因此，转型经济学应当完成自身的“转型”：遵循经济发展和制度演进的内在逻辑，超越“激进”与“渐进”的两分法。     

基于SEM的农户绿色农业生产行为研究——来自新疆352个样本农户的证据

目的 农户作为生产经营的主体,农户的绿色生产行为决定着绿色农业的发展方向。此研究分析影响农户绿色农业生产意愿及行为的相关因素及路径。方法 文章基于新疆各地州的352份农户调研数据,运用结构方程模型实证分析各影响因素对农户绿色生产行为的影响程度以及各影响因素的形成机理。结果 （1）农户对绿色农业的认知、政策的引导、感知利益和绿色生产意愿与农户的绿色生产行为呈正比,感知成本则对农户绿色生产意愿和行为具有负向作用。（2）农户的绿色认知越清晰,绿色生产意愿越强烈,政府的政策补贴和推广力度越强,越能刺激农户进行绿色生产行为。（3）农户感知到花费的金钱、劳动和精力越多,则会削弱农户的绿色生产行为。结论 行为态度、主观规范、行为控制和感知利益对农户绿色生产行为均有正向作用,其中各项指标对农户绿色生产意愿和行为的影响程度各不相同,但相对而言,农户的行为态度和主观规范对绿色生产意愿的影响更为显著,感知利益对农户绿色农业生产行为影响更强。     

基于计划行为理论的农户耕地转入和转出意愿对比研究

［目的］农民耕地原子化程度不断加深,现行的家庭联产承包责任制已不能适应农村商品化和市场化的进程,严重制约了农村地区的经济发展。对山东部分农村地区农户进行耕地转入和转出意愿对比分析,以促进农村地区耕地流转提出可行性的建议,以期加速农村地区市场化进程,实现经济快速发展。［方法］以计划行为理论为基础,文章以行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制3个潜在变量, 11个可测变量构建农户耕地转出和转入意愿模型,以山东省6个地区549户农户的实地调查数据为样本,利用结构方程模型对农户耕地流转意愿进行实证分析。［结果］行为态度和知觉行为控制对农户耕地转入和转出意愿都具有显著影响,且标准化路径系数都为正; 主观态度对耕地转入意愿具有显著性影响,其标准化路径系数为负,对转出意愿的标准化系数为正; 11个可测变量分别对相应的潜在变量都有显著性影响。［结论］行为态度对农户耕地转入和转出的影响效果不同,转入耕地的农户主要从耕地固有价值出发,而转出耕地的农户主要从经济理性考虑; 主观规范中4个可观测变量对农户耕地转出和转入的影响具有一致性; 知觉行为控制中农户的契约意识对耕地转出重要性大于耕地转入。     

How anticipated pride and guilt influence green consumption in the Middle East: The moderating role of environmental consciousness

This research empirically tests the combined effect of anticipated pride, anticipated guilt, and environmental consciousness in parallel to the Theory of Planned Behavior's main components on green purchase intention. For the first time, it also explores the interaction of environmental consciousness, anticipated pride, anticipated guilt, and attitude, respectively, on green purchase intention. Analysis of 304 responses collected from consumers in the United Arab Emirates revealed that environmental consciousness, attitude towards green products, anticipated pride, and anticipated guilt positively influence the intention to purchase green products, but not perceived behavioral control and subjective norms. Interestingly, anticipated pride increases green purchase intention under low level of environmental consciousness, while anticipated guilt decreases purchase intention. In contrast, anticipated guilt positively influences green purchase intention under high environmental consciousness, while anticipated pride does not. This study extends current knowledge related to green purchase behavior and provides a nuanced understanding of the influence of anticipated emotions. It also provides practical implications for marketers in the Middle East to formulate effective strategies to stimulate green products consumption.     

Risk,uncertainty and the theory of planned behavior: A tourism example

The differential impacts risk and uncertainty have on travel decision-making were explored by examining the constructs' influence on the antecedents of intentions to visit Australia using the theory of planned behavior. Respondents were obtained from online consumer panels in South Korea, China and Japan. The South Korean and Chinese samples were general population samples, while the sample from Japan was an international travelers' sample. The extended model fitted the data well, explaining between 21 and 44 percent of the variance in intentions. Subjective norms and perceived behavioral control significantly impacted on intentions in all country samples, whereas attitudes toward visiting Australia were only significant in Japan. Subjective norms influenced attitudes and perceived behavioral control in all country samples. Finally, perceived risk influenced attitudes toward visiting Australia in South Korea and Japan, while perceived uncertainty influenced attitudes toward visiting Australia in South Korea and China and perceived behavioral control in China and Japan.     

Drivers of customer decision to visit an environmentally responsible museum: merging the theory of planned behavior and norm activation theory

The main goal of this research was to merge the theory of planned behavior and the norm activation theory into one model and test its applicability in an environmentally responsible museum context. A filed survey was conducted at museums. Structural equation modeling was used to test research hypotheses. Results of the structural model comparisons revealed that the prediction power of our integrated model was superior to that of the theory of planned behavior and the norm activation theory. The proposed relationships among research constructs were generally supported. The mediating role of study variables was established. Additionally, the salient role of personal norm and attitude in generating museum travelers’ pro-environmental intention was identified. Overall, there was a strong support for the proposed theoretical model.     

Unraveling public support for casino gaming: The case of a casino referendum in Penghu

By integrating the social exchange theory (SET) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study unravels the factors associated with residents’ intention to support casino gaming development in Penghu in future referenda. Residents’ attitudes toward casino gaming development in their community were examined in the SET framework while their intention to support such development was investigated in the TPB framework. Despite that partisan difference did not have a significant interaction with TPB variables, past behavior exerted moderating effects determining residents’ intention to support casino gaming development through two TPB variables: subjective norm and perceived behavioral control. Implications are provided.

Abbreviations: ATTU: attitude; DPP: Democratic Progress Party; ECOI: perceived economic impact; ENVI: perceived environmental impact; INT: intention to support casino gaming development in future referenda; KMT: Kuomingtang; PBC: perceived behavioral control; PPB: perceived personal benefit; SET: social exchange theory; SN: subjective norms; SOCI: perceived social impact; TPB: theory of planned behavior     

中国市场经济体制形成与发展过程中的国际因素影响分析

中国市场经济体制形成与发展过程中受到国际因素的一定影响,世界主体的转变,经济一体化和科学技术的飞速发展对中国经济体制改革初期有一定促进作用;较为成熟的亚太模式、德国模式、美国模式市场经济体制为中国的改革指明了方向;苏东改革失败的有力借鉴,对创造性探索出一条社会主义市场经济的"中国模式"有一定的积极意义。但也不能忽视国际因素对中国市场经济体制改革形成的阻碍。     

Food Scares and Trust: A European Study

The complex interactions between the determinants of food purchase under risk are explored using the SPARTA model, based on the theory of planned behaviour, and estimated through a combination of multivariate statistical techniques. The application investigates chicken consumption choices in two scenarios: (a) a ‘standard’ purchasing situation; and (b) following a hypothetical Salmonella scare. The data are from a nationally representative survey of 2,725 respondents from five European countries: France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Results show that the effects and interactions of behavioural determinants vary significantly within Europe. Only in the case of a food scare do risk perceptions and trust come into play. The policy priority should be on building and maintaining trust in food and health authorities and research institutions, while food chain actors could mitigate the consequences of a food scare through public trust. No relationship is found between socio‐demographic variables and consumer trust in food safety information.