Postmodern Values and Leisure in Young Spanish University Students: An Exploratory Study

This article reports exploratory research about tendencies toward postmaterialism in university students. This paper used the theoretical framework proposed by Inglehart regarding three categories of leisure: postmaterialist, materialist and common. Students from a Spanish university (N = 1036) completed questionnaires that evaluated their materialist-postmaterialist values, how often they practiced the activities included in each category of leisure and the motivational factors involved in them. The results revealed that university students showed a tendency toward postmaterialism. Further, relationships were found between materialist-postmaterialist values and categories of leisure. This study results suggested that the tendency toward postmaterialist values may be a factor in structuring the leisure patterns of young Spanish university students.     

《白雪公主后传》人文精神的互文性嬗变

《白雪公主后传》是对格林童话《白雪公主与七个小矮人》的后现代主义改写。《白雪公主后传》运用互文性技巧,反映了传统人文精神的嬗变。     

后现代的新城市主义与中国城市规划

讨论了现代主义、后现代主义与新城市主义在城市规划领域的思想核心和主要观点,结合中国城市规划的特点,从城市规划各个方面探讨了新城市主义对中国城市规划的启示,并论述了新城市主义在中国应用的实际与前景.     

The meeting place: Qualitative aspects of product environmental assessment

Quantitative methods for evaluating the environmental impact of products are receiving considerable attention. Software is being developed to enable analysis of many aspects of a product's life cycle—from materials' extraction, through manufacture, to use and disposal. Less attention is being paid to the qualitative aspects of products and their significance in addressing environmental concerns. Here, the argument is made for including qualitative evaluations as an important facet of product environment assessment. Such evaluations are essential if significant progress is to be made in alleviating the adverse environmental effects of products. Combined with quantitative analyses, the two approaches become mutually supportive and, ultimately, inseparable.Qualitative environmental assessments can be applied to existing products and at every stage of the design process. Their adoption within the context of professional practice will be fostered by their inclusion, formulation and discussion within design education. This paper describes the basis and nature of these qualitative judgments, and places the qualitative and quantitative in a unified context which points towards more sustainable ways of living. The use of scenarios is discussed as a tool for academic design projects in order to address the complex relationships which might otherwise seem overwhelming to the design student.     

Cross-Cultural Differences in Tourism: A Strategy for Tourism Marketers

Abstract

This paper discusses the importance of understanding cultural differences for developing positive tourist-host contact and, consequently, enhancing tourist holiday satisfaction and repeat visitation. The cultural differences between Korean tourists and Australian service providers are identified and dimensions of these differences are determined by principal components analysis. The strength of the relationships between the cultural dimensions and their critical indicators is measured by using structural equation modeling Submodel 1. The results indicate that the most critical dimensions of cultural difference between Australian hosts and Korean tourists are: communication and understanding the tourist, display of feelings, interaction and idealism. Their critical indicators are identified. The implications of the results for tourism industry marketers are presented.     

Theory in Recreation and Leisure Research: Reflections from the Editors

The evolution and importance of theory in leisure research have been recognized as essential to broaden understandings of leisure. The purpose of this reflective piece is to describe and critique the contributions that theory has made by examining the research documented in American leisure and recreation research journals during the 1990s and projecting those contributions toward the future. From our perspective as individuals associated with Leisure Sciences during the past two years, we provide a review of literature regarding the meanings of theory, note summaries of other studies in our field that have empirically examined theory, compare leisure research from the 1980s to the 1990s, and offer suggestions regarding trends in the future theoretical development of the parks, recreation, leisure, sport, and tourism fields. We also advocate “post approaches” such as postmodernism that may be essential in the next stage of theory evolution.     

由后现代文化思潮研究引起的对商标艺术设计格调的思考

当代的商标艺术设计,在后现代文化思潮的影响下,呈现出多样化的设计格调,由此引发了对商标艺术设计格调的思考.     

后现代背景下语言试验的陌生化效果--《蓝色脂肪》谈片

弗·索罗金是俄罗斯后现代主义文学的主要代表人物之一。陌生化的语言已经成为作家的一种固有风格。《蓝色脂肪》充分体现出索罗金式陌生化语言的运用技巧：通过运用标新立异的新词汇以及句子的异常搭配取得索罗金式语言试验的陌生化效果，并从中折射出20世纪90年代俄罗斯纷繁复杂的社会文化变迁。     

全球迪斯尼化对我国经济型酒店的启示

经济型酒店作为一种提供有限服务的新型酒店,近年来在我国发展迅猛。在外国著名酒店经济型品牌纷纷入住中国,与本土品牌一较高下的今天,基于经济型酒店的同质化弱点,建议本土经济型酒店采取一定措施,从而在竞争中保持不败。文章借鉴了迪斯尼主题公园的四个标志性特征：主题化、混合消费、商品化和表演性劳动,提出了本土经济型酒店主题化等一系列创新性建议,为其差异化经营提供了一定的借鉴意义。