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排序方式: 共有356条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
《International Journal of Forecasting》2022,38(1):240-252
This study evaluates a wide range of machine learning techniques such as deep learning, boosting, and support vector regression to predict the collection rate of more than 65,000 defaulted consumer credits from the telecommunications sector that were bought by a German third-party company. Weighted performance measures were defined based on the value of exposure at default for comparing collection rate models. The approach proposed in this paper is useful for a third-party company in managing the risk of a portfolio of defaulted credit that it purchases. The main finding is that one of the machine learning models we investigate, the deep learning model, performs significantly better out-of-sample than all other methods that can be used by an acquirer of defaulted credits based on weighted-performance measures. By using unweighted performance measures, deep learning and boosting perform similarly. Moreover, we find that using a training set with a larger proportion of the dataset does not improve prediction accuracy significantly when deep learning is used. The general conclusion is that deep learning is a potentially performance-enhancing tool for credit risk management. 相似文献
2.
讨论了美国NASA深空网(DSN)对深空飞船所采用的同波束干涉(SBI)技术概念和测量原理,并介绍了这一技术的应用和发展情况。 相似文献
3.
Influences of land use/cover on water quality in the upper and middle reaches of River Njoro, Kenya 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
William A. Shivoga Mucai Muchiri Samuel Kibichi Jethro Odanga Scott N. Miller Tracy J. Baldyga Eric M. Enanga Maina C. Gichaba 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2007,12(2):97-105
Data from 10 sampling sites along the River Njoro are used to examine the contribution of nutrients from upstream land uses draining each of the sampling sites. The data also are used to assess whether both the proportion of land uses and the size of the subwatersheds account for the variability in water quality in the River Njoro watershed. Geographical Information System analysis was used to determine the spatial distribution of land‐cover types and subwatersheds contributing run‐off to the sampling sites in the River Njoro. Standard Digital Elevation Model‐based routines were used to establish the watershed area contributing run‐off to each sampling site. Water and sediment samples were collected for chemical analysis, and the nutrient levels were related to the upstream land‐use types and the size of the subwatersheds. The mid‐stream portion of the River Njoro (near Egerton University) accounts for the highest nutrient contributions. The percentage contribution is magnified by additions from industrial, human settlements and agricultural land uses around the University. There is a significant decrease in nutrient levels downstream, however, indicating natural purification as the river flows through an area of large‐scale farming with intense, well‐preserved riparian and in‐stream vegetation. Steep slopes of the land upstream of Egerton University enhance erosion and nutrient losses from those subwatersheds. Mixed small‐scale agricultural and bare lands contribute over 55% of the phosphorus load to the upper and mid‐reaches of the River Njoro. The size of the subwatershed accounts for about 53% of the variability in the soluble phosphorus in the river. The land‐use subwatershed proportions are important for characterizing and modelling water quality in the River Njoro watershed. Upland land uses are as important as near‐stream land uses. We suggest that conservation of intact riparian corridor along the river and its tributaries contributes significantly to natural purification processes and recovery of the ecological integrity of the River Njoro ecosystem. 相似文献
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5.
Michael E. Fraker Anisha Shrestha Lauren Marshall Lacey Mason Russ Miller 《Journal of Great Lakes research》2021,47(4):1228-1234
The Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR) in collaboration with the Great Lakes Observing System and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (NOAA GLERL) deployed an autonomous underwater glider in southern Lake Michigan several times per year between 2012 and 2019 to collect offshore (>30 m depth) limnological measurements, including temperature, photosynthetically active radiation (beginning during 2015), and chlorophyll-α fluorescence. From these data, we calculated mixed layer depth, several measures of light penetration (diffuse attenuation coefficient, first optical depth, euphotic zone depth), and depth of the subsurface chlorophyll-α maxima. During summer, mean offshore mixed layer depth was typically 10–15 m, Kd for PAR was 0.1–0.17 m?1, first optical depth was 6–9 m, euphotic zone depth was 35–40 m, and depth of subsurface chlorophyll-α maxima was 30–35 m. We also observed substantial spatial and temporal variation in these values across the basin and within and among seasons. Glider-based observations provide a wider horizontal and vertical perspective than other methods (e.g., ship- and satellite-based observations, buoys, and fixed moorings), and are therefore a valuable, complementary tool for Great Lakes limnology. The set of observations reported here provide seasonal and basin-scale information that may help to identify anomalies useful for future glider-assisted investigation into the role of biophysical processes in Great Lakes limnology and ecology. 相似文献
6.
饮用水短缺和水污染问题严重影响着人类和社会的发展。反渗透技术提供了一种高效经济的方法来生产纯水和处理废水,以缓解这个问题。但是,反渗透膜的污染尤其是生物污染严重制约着其高效应用。膜表面改性技术是提升膜抗污染性能的最常用手段,通过多巴胺盐酸盐(DA)在聚酰胺反渗透膜表面自聚,生成超薄聚多巴胺涂层(PDA),进一步利用PDA涂层上的活性基团将聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)接枝到反渗透膜表面,得到稳定持久的PDA-PEI改性反渗透膜。通过对改性膜的XPS测试,亲水性和抗菌性试验,得到以下结论:PDA成功涂层于反渗透膜表面,且PEI成功接枝于PDA涂层表面;PDA-PEI改性增大了膜表面的亲水性,提升了反渗透膜抗污染的能力,使其具有了一定的抗菌能力。 相似文献
7.
Alexander O. Baranov Victor N. Pavlov Tatiana O. Tagaeva 《Environmental and Resource Economics》1997,9(1):21-42
The main purpose of the present study is to analyse the emission dynamics of atmospheric and water pollutants in Russia and cost of their removal in the 1980s and early 1990s, and to forecast them by means of a Dynamic Input–Output Model according to different scenarios of future economic development till 1998. Main results of the work are:– methodological principles have been elaborated for singling out the environmental protection sector within the national economy;– a method has been offered for including the ecological block into a Dynamic Input–Output Model of the Russian economy;– a method of data preparation has been elaborated for the ecological block of the above-named model, the data base which characterizes the ecological situation in Russia has been formed and analysed;– calculations for 1994–1998 have been executed for forecasting the economic and ecological development of Russia using the above-mentioned model and the results obtained have been analysed. The results showed that if the existing tendencies towards low environmental protection capital costs remain the same, then the negative environmental impact will increase. In order to implement ecological programs and international agreements, to increase the proportion of removed pollutants, it is necessary to increase substantially expenditures on purifying water and air resources. The proportion of environmental protection investments in the total amount of the national economy capital costs should increase by up to 12–40% according to different scenarios of the economic development and different purposes of the environmental protection policy. 相似文献
8.
针对江汉平原农村地表水污染情况和农村水生疾病的状况,设计了农村饮用水的净化方案与工艺,以满足农村居民的基本饮水需求。工艺设计兼顾了集成式装置对结构紧凑的要求和净化功能;预处理选用臭氧预氧化和混凝沉降进行,常规处理选用可靠的石英砂过滤,深度处理选用紫外线杀菌和膜分离。在水处理工艺的基础上,设计了一套集混合、絮凝、沉降于一体的旋流强化混凝设备。该水处理系统采用模块化组合,结构紧凑,安装、使用方便,为农村饮用水的净化提供了新的方法。 相似文献
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10.
高地应力场岩体深部卸荷断裂带的梯度项塑性算法分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以梯度项塑性理论为基础,对锦屏一级左岸典型深卸荷带地质特征进行了分析。该理论认为岩体内部局部卸荷软化参数不在其局部范围内确定,而是由积分点及其邻域所在影响范围来确定,且在应力应变关系中引入带塑性应变的梯度项。锦屏一级左岸地区二维和三维分析结果均显示了深部屈服现象,其与现场勘探出现的深部卸荷带裂缝位置具有空间分布上的一致性。数值计算中的梯度项塑性屈服,特别是在具备一定高地应力围压的条件下,即是岩体卸荷破裂,直至应力局部释放,最终趋于形成相对稳定的局部卸荷带。其计算结果较为可靠,分析结果与该地区出现的深部卸荷裂缝特征基本相符。 相似文献