“I live with terror inside me”: Exploring customers’ instinctive reactions to terror

Terrorist attacks occur mostly at public service-oriented sites. Consequently, their victims are likely to be customers. The present study explores how customers instinctively react toward the reality of terror in a matrix of 2 × 2 aspects concerning terror circumstances: temporal proximity (brief or long) and physical proximity (close or remote) from the terror event. In qualitative in-depth interviews, customers from France and Israel were requested to share their instinctive reactions and coping strategies when approaching hospitality (hedonistic) and transportation (utilitarian) services. Participants (N = 47) comprised customers having a protracted acquaintance with persistent terror threats. The analysis identified differences in reactions, subject to temporal and physical proximities. When terror attacks are physically close, customers’ emotions, cognitions, and behaviors undergo modification with time. However, when terror attacks occur at a location remote from the customer, customers’ emotions and cognitions, but not their behavior, change with time. These reactions were comparable for the two service contexts. Practical implications were elaborated to enable service establishments (i.e., hospitality and transportation) to design and manage their operations for the short and long term to assist customers in the difficult era of terror.     

环境政策工具对生态创新的影响: 研究回顾及实践意义

各种环境政策工具用来推进生态创新的开发、传播与应用，但不同政策工具对生态创新的作用效果还有待进一步挖掘。系统梳理了环境政策工具对生态创新影响的相关研究，探究不同政策工具的作用及其本质，以理解在推动生态创新开发、传播与应用情景下环境政策工具的作用及其实践意义。     

Is the system reliability profitable for retailing and consumer service of a dynamical system under cross-price elasticity of demand?

Retailing strategy is one of the most crucial factors for industries. A proper retailing strategy can help to enhance consumer service and increase the industry's profit. An improved approach to retailing is suggested in this research to deliver superior customer service while maximizing profits in a dynamic system. The study analyzes a retailing strategy for a demand with cross-price elasticity upon the retail price. A product's cross-price elasticity and the system reliability are critical factors in retailing. Understanding the cross-price elasticity of demand between products helps retailers to make pricing decisions that maximize profits by maintaining demand. Imperfect products are produced due to an imperfect production system. The imperfect ones must be adjusted with some costs to make them perfect for better retailing. The system failure rate is crucial for retailing under cross-price elasticity of demand patterns. Production system reliability, cross-price elasticity of demand, and consumer service are all essential factors that can impact a company's success in the market. The production rate is considered time- and system failure rate-dependent. Contradictory to the literature, a dynamical system is proposed for improved retail management, which is solved using the Euler-Lagrange theory. Finally, one can achieve the expected maximum profit for this retail system with optimum selling prices for different products by reducing the system failure rate. Some numerical illustrations with graphical representations are provided to validate the current study. Numerical examples show that applying cross-price elasticity of demand for more than two identical products provides 35% more profit for the retail industry than a single type of product.     

水资源承载力分析研究

水是人们生存必不可少的资源,是生产与生活的基础,但水资源短缺,时间、空间分布不均,利用率低,已成为制约各地经济可持续发展的重要因素之一。本文所选研究区域——昌宁县正处于经济快速发展时期,水资源承载力将会影响其发展,文章综合文献分析和实际调研数据,运用科学的方法进行水资源的承载力分析,结果表明:昌宁县水资源承载力目前与社会经济的发展相适应,但远期将会有所不足,因而要求协调人与自然的矛盾,促进昌宁县的可持续发展。     

Determinants of total efficiency in water utilities in Mexico

By using panel data analysis across 368 water utilities in Mexico over the period 2010–2014, we find that small firms are more efficient than medium and large providers and that increasing production is associated with less efficiency. Billing, income collection and profitability are relevant factors to improve efficiency. Medium and large firms require to measure consumption by service with meters in order to increase efficiency, while small firms do not require it.     

太原精神病院污水处理系统改建为中水处理系统的工程设计

太原精神病医院将现有生活污水处理系统改建为中水回用系统,平均日处理水量100 m3.工程设计充分考虑了对原有设施的利用,生物处理单元采用生物接触氧化法.为减少污水提升次数,调节池设在生物处理单元之后.通过延长水力停留时间缓解水量、水质波动对沉淀、生物处理单元的不利影响,投入运行后效果良好.     

黄河龙口水利枢纽坝基岩体钙质充填夹层地质分析与试验研究

龙口水利枢纽坝基岩体主要由奥陶系中统马家沟组(O2m2)灰岩组成,其中发育有多层软弱夹层。作为其中之一的钙质充填夹层,强度虽不很低,但由于处于坝基下的持力层内,间距不大,发育密集,产状平缓,是坝基浅层抗滑稳定的主要控制因素,因此,在大坝抗滑稳定分析时,应进行分析和研究。     

西气东输对南水北调穿黄隧洞影响动力分析计算

西气东输管线距离南水北调工程穿黄河隧道的最近距离:河漫滩仅150 m,主河槽仅205 m.输气管线在运行过程中,存在着因误操作、管道腐蚀、自然灾害或人为破坏等因素引发事故发生爆炸的可能.对深泓区穿黄隧洞地下部分在天然气爆炸冲击波作用下的安全性进行动力分析计算,认为西气东输管道破裂引起的天然气爆炸,不会对南水北调输水隧洞产生破坏影响.     

对万家寨引黄北干线引水规模的思考

在总结引黄南干线建设经验和面临的营运问题的基础上，文中提出在确定北干线设计规模时，重点要处理好供水区水资源供需平衡与调水工程规模的关系；外调水与当地水资源的关系；长远规划指标与近期实施规模的关系；以及高水价对用水需求的抑制作用，进行全面分析，综合比较。     

我国自然垄断产业的民营化改革

在自然垄断产业,国有企业垄断经营低效是一个世界性的问题。自然垄断产业在一定范围内具有可竞争性,即使是在不可竞争性的领域,也可以通过建立潜在的竞争性替代机制,形成模拟竞争环境。自然垄断产业的可竞争性为民营化提供了可能。自然垄断产业民营化就是通过产权制度变革,提高垄断企业的效率。