故县大坝变形监测存在的问题及自动化改造初步设想

介绍了故县大坝变形监测系统的构成及存在的问题，并根据故县大坝的实际情况，提出了实施自动化改造的初步设想。     

沙牌RCC拱坝坝肩稳定三维地质模型试验研究

通过三维地质力学模型试验，研究了沙牌RCC拱坝坝体和坝肩的变形规律、破坏机理，综合评价了坝肩的超载安全度，为工程设计提供依据。     

大坝变形自动监测仪器

混凝土大坝的变形,尤其是坝基和拱座的变形,是衡量工程安全与否的一个重要指标。变形自动监测仪器与人工测读的仪器相比,具有精度高、时间快的优点。本文参考国外资料,提出测斜仪、钻孔变位计、垂线自动监测仪等三种国内外正在试用的电子仪器。将有助于提高并改善大坝设计的经济性和安全性。     

三门峡大坝温度观测资料分析

三门峡水利枢纽大坝为混凝土重力坝,原设计选择其溢流坝和安装场坝为重点观测坝段,因此,在施工中埋设了各种观测仪器1000多支。经对1958～1988年气温、坝体混凝土温度、基岩温度及水库水温观测资料分析表明:三门峡大坝温度变化规律虽与一般重力坝不同,但它却比较全面地反映了防洪与径流发电具体运用的特性。     

竹坑水库大坝安全鉴定分析

在竹坑水库大坝安全鉴定中,认真分析了该工程存在的主要问题,并针对大坝的结构稳定和渗流稳定作了详细的分析论证.     

龙潭拱坝砼上坝运输方案选择

龙潭拱坝坝高９０ｍ，砼上坝运输是砼施工过程中的中间环节，控制进度的关键，必须因时因地制宜地选择适当的运输机械和运输方案，使砼运输能做到保质、保量、及时和经济，通过论证比较，结合本工程现实情况，砼上坝运输不采用缆机而采用门机方案．     

锦屏一级拱坝黏弹性工作性态反演分析

针对锦屏一级拱坝历年1 880 m高水位稳定期坝体向下游侧位移持续增大的异常变形性态,基于现场位移监测数据和坝体混凝土徐变试验数据,对该拱坝当前运行性态进行了反演分析。结果表明:坝体目前处于黏弹性工作状态,监测发现的短期趋势性变形是由水压荷载作用下黏弹性滞后变形效应和年周期环境温降效应所共同引起。混凝土黏弹性力学参数之间具有较好的线性关系,基于弹性水压分量反演得到的坝体混凝土弹性模量实际是瞬时弹性模量与延迟弹性模量的等效值,对于锦屏一级拱坝,该反演值为35.5 GPa,与前期反演值和试验值较为接近;而基于黏弹性水压分量反演得到的广义Kelvin模型中瞬时弹性模量、2延迟弹性模量和2黏滞系数分别为47.3 GPa、189.4 GPa、132.3 GPa、383.8 GPa·d和20 574.6 GPa·d。建议今后对锦屏一级拱坝建立变形监控模型时,应在HST模型中引入黏弹性滞后水压分量。     

Influence of a high‐head dam as a dispersal barrier to fish community structure of the Upper Mississippi River

In river systems, high‐head dams may increase the distance‐decay of fish community similarity by creating nearly impermeable dispersal barriers to certain species from upstream reaches. Substantial evidence suggests that migratory species are impacted by dams, and most previous studies in stream/river networks have focused on small streams and headwaters. Here, we assess whether a high‐head dam (Lock and Dam 19; LD 19) on a large river, the Upper Mississippi River (UMR), substantially alters fish community structure relative to variability expected to occur independent of the dam's effect as a fish dispersal barrier. Using fish catch per unit effort data, we modelled the distance‐decay function for the UMR fish community and then estimated the similarity that would be expected to occur across LD19 and compared it with measured similarity. Measured similarity in the fish community above and below LD19 was close to the expected value based on the distance‐decay function, suggesting LD19 does not create an abrupt transition in the fish community. Although some migratory fish species no longer occur above LD19 (e.g., skipjack herring, Alosa chrysochloris), these species do not occur in high abundance below the dam and so do not drive variation in fish community structure. Instead, much of the variation in species structure is driven by the loss/gain of species across the latitudinal gradient. Lock and Dam 19 does not appear to be a clear transition point in the river's fish community, although it may function as a meaningful barrier for particular species (e.g., invasive species) and warrant future attention from a management perspective.     

Sediment flux from Lesser Zab River in Dokan Reservoir: Implications for the sustainability of long‐term water resources in Iraq

Prudent management of Iraqi water resources under climate change conditions requires plans to be based on actual figures of the storage capacity of existing reservoirs. With the absence of sediment flushing measures, the actual storage capacity of Dokan Reservoir (operated since 1959) has been affected by the amount of sediment delivered during its operational life leading to an undetermined reduction in its storage capacity. In consequence, there has not been an update on the dam's operational storage capacity curves. In this research, new operational curves were established for the reservoir based on a recent bathymetric survey undertaken in 2014. The reduction in reservoir capacity during the period between 1959 and 2014 was calculated by the mean of the difference between the designed storage capacity and the storage capacity which was concluded from the 2014 bathymetric survey. Moreover, the rate of sediment transported to the reservoir was calculated based on the overall quantities of accumulated sediment and the water discharge of the Lesser Zab River into the reservoir. The results indicate that the dam capacity is reduced by 25% due to sedimentation of an estimated volume of 367 million cubic metres at water level 480 m.a.s.l. The annual sedimentation rate was about 6.6 million cubic metres, and the sediment yield was estimated to be 701.2 t?km^?3?year.     

三峡枢纽排漂孔及泄洪孔过流面检修装备方案研究

针对三峡工程排漂孔及泄洪孔过流面墙壁的检修分别提出了多种专用检修装备方案。经过分析比较,得出安全合理的检修装备方案。排漂孔检修方案:闸室段侧墙用升降台车,斜坡段侧墙采用单梁吊篮,排漂孔底板采用双侧单台车;泄洪深孔检修方案:闸室段和斜坡段侧墙采用升降台车检修,底面与排漂孔检修方案相同。