黄浦江越江隧道深槽管段抬高对邻近水域的影响

应用所建立的黄浦江二、三维水流数学模型计算了黄浦江越江隧道深槽管段的抬高对邻近水域的影响 ,分析了工程实施后和施工过程中工程区附近水位、流场变化情况 .计算结果表明 ,工程实施后和施工过程中对防洪、船舶航行安全并无明显影响 .     

周恩来赴欧洲留学途中是否换船史实一则考

赴欧洲勤工俭学这段历史,在周恩来的整个革命生涯中有举足轻重的地位。然而长期以来,在这一研究领域中有许多史实性的错误没有加以订证,致使一些"定论"以讹传讹。文章以历史文献资料为依据,仅就周恩来赴欧洲留学途中换船说一则进行考证,以还历史的本来面貌。     

Bank erosion in a macrotidal tropical river: Exploring the relative impact of boat wash on riverbank erosion

Macrotidal tropical rivers are dynamic systems where wet‐season floods and tidal flows cause significant riverbank erosion and sediment transport. This study aimed to explore patterns of riverbank erosion and deposition in a large, tropical, macrotidal river in Northern Australia; the Daly River. In particular, we aimed to determine if recreational boat use was impacting bank erosion in this dynamic river. Erosion pins were installed at multiple levels on both banks at 10 sites along a 34 km reach of the river. Measurements were made every four to six weeks during the low water dry season, and opportunistically during the wet season (flooding period) and seasonal transition periods. A bank geotechnical assessment, riverbed cross‐sections and site bathymetry were undertaken. Whilst the wet season was a period of substantial erosion (mean rate of 0.64 mm day^?1), the highest mean erosion rate (3.6 mm day^?1) was observed in the early dry season (April to May), a period of stabilizing water levels but greatest boat traffic. Bank erosion at this time was measured on both sides of the river and the inside of meander bends, which is atypical of normal riverine bank erosion patterns, and indicative of erosion due to boat wash. As the dry season progressed, significant spatial differences in erosion rates were evident, where erosion was observed at sites upstream of a large shallow sand bar, while sites downstream from the sand bar gained material through the deposition of tidally transported sediment. This study highlights the importance of understanding the significance and interaction of various erosive factors in tropical tidal rivers and has demonstrated that boat wash may be an important contributor to dry season bank erosion in these systems. We encourage management agencies to consider the role of boats in any future river management program in these systems.     

Drowning among the lakeside fishing communities in Uganda: results of a community survey

The study aimed to determine the drowning burden in four Ugandan lakeside districts; the prevalence of life jacket use, and community knowledge and attitudes regarding water safety. Subjects were recruited as they disembarked from boats. A structured questionnaire was used for demographics, experience on water, details of incidents in water, and awareness of drowning prevention measures. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews were held. The study interviewed 544 participants; 81.1% male, 86.8% below 45 years, and 51.1% involved in the fishing industry. A quarter (26.1%) of the respondents were observed wearing life jackets as they disembarked. Participants who had been in a boat that nearly capsized (57.8%), or that actually capsized (21.7%), were no more likely to wear life jackets than those who had not had these experiences. Three quarters (73.2%) did not know how to call for rescue, and only 48.7% could swim. There drowning fatality rate in this community was 502 deaths per 100,000 population. Majority of drowning events occurred during transportation (51.7%) or fishing (39.0%). The most frequently mentioned factors were stormy weather and overloading. Drowning is a common threat to young adults in the fishing communities around Lake Victoria. Few preventive interventions are in place.     

玻璃钢船艇的维护与保养

从玻璃钢的材料特性着手，并根据船艇的工作和存放环境进行分析，阐述了对玻璃钢制的船艇应如何进行保养以延长其使用寿命。     

泵船和固定式泵房的优势与劣势及适用性探讨

介绍泵船的特点,通过与固定式泵房的比较分析,对两种取水方式适用性进行探讨,说明这两种取水方式各自的优劣。     

金枪鱼延绳钓船的经济性

金枪鱼延绳钩船是捕捞金枪鱼的最有效的装备之一,本文分别对深冷型延绳钓船和冰鲜型延绳钓船进行了经济性计算和分析,探讨了发展这种船型的可行性。     

AI技术在水尺计重领域应用研究

本文主要阐述了AI技术为船舶衡运用提供的技术可能,具体通过AI技术在船舶图表应用、在压载水测量领域应用、在吃水观测领域应用、在船用物料测定领域应用,以及水尺计重结果数据处理领域应用,描绘了未来水尺计重AI时代。     

工程用海中对近海捕捞渔船和谐赎买的案例剖析——以浙江省舟山市本岛为例

舟山地方经济与社会发展变化的一种载体,即是向海洋要"土地",并以政府工程的形式实现,但也由此引发了与民争利的社会新问题。面对政府工程"用海"的现实矛盾,唯有政府采取安抚和缓政策,加大经济补偿力度,容纳民声,主动扩展民生空间来解决。实践中,主要通过公平推行、阳光操作、取信于民、积极化解社会底层矛盾等来构建海岛渔村和谐社会。值得注意的是,尽管采取了种种惠民政策,仍然出现了产权归属、利益分配等问题。     

小浪底水库泥沙处理途径探索

根据黄河下游放淤固堤高浓度泥浆管道输送的实践与科技攻关所得的研究成果,提出利用潜吸式扰沙船在坝前2~40 km范围内,分调水调沙时期和发电供水期2个时段进行扰沙、抽沙,依据虹吸与水库拉沙原理将淤积在库底的细颗粒泥沙排出库外。分析表明,该方案较为经济且具有可操作性,通过水库调度与清淤措施的协调配合,可以实现延长小浪底水库寿命和输沙入海的目标。