英文科技语篇中的人称"照应"与汉译

照应是语篇衔接研究的一个重要论题,也是英汉科技语篇翻译中不容忽视的问题.人称照应在英语的科技语篇中体现出不同于其他语篇类型的特点.如何解读照应词是翻译过程的关键.译者应该运用汉语偏爱的衔接手段取得与原文异曲同工的效果.     

基于试验和有限元法获取滑面强度参数

在滑坡稳定性计算和工程设计中滑带土的内聚力(C)和内摩擦角(ψ)取值对工程至关重要.首先采用有限元法,对滑带土进行应力仿真分析,再结合滑带土室内试验的相关物性指标及强度特征,得到滑动面的强度参数,其结果与室内直剪试验所得到的滑带土强度参数值以及刚体极限平衡法反演得到的参数值十分接近.该方法不仅可作为该滑坡稳定性计算参数...     

法律英语的指称特点

法律英语语篇具有极强的内在逻辑性,指称作为特有的衔接手段对于理解并实现语篇语义连贯起着重要的作用。     

Do ongoing networks block out new friends? Reconciling the embeddedness constraint dilemma on new alliance partner addition

Research Summary: This study addresses a theoretical dilemma regarding how alliance network constraint (reflected by network cohesion) affects a firm’s alliance formation with new partners. Using a network pluralism approach, we separate a firm’s ego alliance network into two activity‐based networks—an exploratory network and an exploitative network—based on the primary value chain activity involved in each alliance. We argue that the cohesion of exploratory or exploitative networks has an inverted U‐shaped effect on the addition of new partners in the same activity‐based network, and a positive effect on the addition of new partners in the other network. Results based on data from the biotechnology industry largely support our predictions with one exception. Our study contributes to both scholarly understanding of network embeddedness and alliance practice. Managerial Summary: The structure of firms’ ongoing alliance networks may have paradoxical implications for their efforts to search for and form alliance with new partners. That is, when a firm’s alliance partners are tightly connected with each other, the cohesive network tends to both encourage and impede the focal firm to add new partners. We resolve this dilemma by showing that when a firm is deeply entrenched in a cohesive alliance network conducting a certain type of activities (e.g., R&D activities), it may not easily add new R&D alliance partners. However, it may still be able to escape from the cohesive R&D alliance network by seeking new partners conducting other activities (e.g., manufacturing activities).     

从衔接和连贯谈阅读教学

衔接和连贯是语篇中的两个定义,通过分析衔接和连贯在阅读中的作用,提出以语篇为中心进行阅读教学,使学生了解语篇连贯与衔接的最基本知识,从而更准确地掌握主题与作者的意圈。     

A new innovation paradigm: European cohesion policy and the retreat of public science in countries in Europe's scientific periphery

This article seeks to undertake a critical assessment of the changing position of public science in the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the countries on the periphery of European research. These countries are driven by new innovation paradigm based on entrepreneurship, which are implemented within the European Smart specialization strategy (S3). This article argues that S3 is widely implemented in the cohesion countries and, while it provides substantial resources for science, technology, and innovation, it fails to provide sustainability in the public research sector. This has direct implications for policies concerning innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. In order to prove the thesis, the article provides theoretical argumentation for emergence of a new innovation paradigm, driven by the rise of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, its incorporation into S3, and a consequent retreat of science policy in favor of entrepreneurial policy. The empirical analysis is focused on the funding trends seen in the business and public research sectors over the last decade (2008–2017), which have clearly shown that S3 has not contributed, despite expectations, to an increase in public expenditure for science. This signifies S3's neglect of public research within entrepreneurial ecosystems and challenges the ability of S3 to reduce wide disparities in research and innovation performance across the European Union. This ultimately endangers the innovation potential of the entrepreneurial ecosystem itself.     

A Socio‐Psychological Perspective on Team Ambidexterity: The Contingency Role of Supportive Leadership Behaviours

In addressing the notion of team ambidexterity, we propose that socio‐psychological factors (i.e., team cohesion and team efficacy) may help team members to resolve paradoxical challenges and to combine exploratory and exploitative learning efforts. In addition, we theorize that senior executives may play an important role in facilitating the emergence of ambidexterity at lower hierarchical levels. In doing so, we develop a multilevel contingency framework and propose that the effectiveness of teams to achieve ambidexterity is contingent upon supportive leadership behaviours at the organizational‐level. Using multilevel, multisource, and temporally separated data on 87 teams within 37 high‐tech and pharmaceutical firms, we not only reveal how team cohesion and efficacy may matter for the emergence of team ambidexterity but also show that the effectiveness of supportive leadership behaviours from senior executives varies across cohesive and efficacious teams.     

内聚与开放:花生对英租时期威海乡村社会的影响

在英租威海卫时期,花生的推广使得威海乡村社会的封闭状态产生了变化.在花生的种植、管理、收获及销售过程中,销售这个环节加强了村庄对外界的依赖,体现出开放性,种植到收获各个环节中的生产联合则基本上局限于村庄内部,仍保持传统的内聚性.这种传统与现代的结合,体现出当时威海乡村社会的一种变化趋势.     

直根系根-土复合体抗剪强度简易计算方法

为了简化直根系根-土复合体抗剪强度的计算,基于根-土相互作用机理,考虑复合土体中根系的破坏模式,对直根系根-土复合体进行受力分析,推导了根-土复合体抗剪强度计算公式,将计算结果与现场实测值进行对比,并对折减系数、含根量、植物种类根-土复合体抗剪强度的主要影响因素进行了参数分析。结果表明:根-土复合体黏聚力是土层深度的指数函数;法向应力不变时,复合土体的抗剪强度随折减系数的增大而增大,折减系数在0.84~0.86之间取值时,结果较接近实测值;且复合土体的抗剪强度随含根量的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势,存在一个使复合土体抗剪强度最大的最优含根量;法向应力增大时,直根系复合土体的抗剪强度也随之增大,采用理论公式计算的抗剪强度值与实测值相对误差在10%以内。研究成果可为边坡生态防护的设计和计算提供理论参考。     

基于冻融循环试验的季节性冻土区边坡稳定性分析

内蒙古包头地区属于典型的季节性冻土区,冻胀和融沉是冻土危害产生的主要原因,也是人们面临的重大难题。通过建立非饱和粉砂土黏聚力、内摩擦角与冻融循环参数之间的定量关系,探索冻融循环对粉砂土抗剪强度的影响规律。通过对不同含水率、不同干密度的土样进行不同次数的冻融循环分析并总结其变化规律,研究发现:不同干密度、不同含水率的土样,黏聚力都会随着冻融次数的增加不断减小;内摩擦角会随着冻融次数的增加逐渐趋于稳定,波动的幅度在5°之内;抗剪强度的变化趋势受黏聚力的影响较大。最后,用岩土工程软件进行有限元分析,利用折减系数法计算边坡的安全系数,以此为包头地区季节性冻土的研究提供更好的理论基础。