巢湖虾蟹产业经济发展战略研究

虾蟹是我国重要的养殖品种,发展虾蟹产业对优化渔业经济结构,促进农渔民增收,保障市场有效供给都具有十分重要的意义。巢湖是安徽省乃至长江中下游地区水产品重要生产地,本文对巢湖虾蟹产业发展的现状与特点进行了阐述,并剖析了制约巢湖虾蟹产业发展的主要问题,提出必须从科技创新、产业结构、产品质量、组织化程度等方面采取措施,进一步做大做强巢湖虾蟹产业。     

江苏河蟹消费特征研究

江苏河蟹产业不论是在产业竞争力还是在产业规模上,都处于全国领先水平。论文通过问卷调查相关消费者,分析了消费需求情况,进而得出江苏省河蟹总体消费特征,最后从发展保鲜技术、规范交易市场、采用适宜的包装、加强河蟹品牌与生产地的联接、生产产品注重差异性五个方面提出了发展江苏河蟹产业的建议。     

基于互联网的盘锦市河蟹物流信息平台研究

分析了盘锦市河蟹物流市场现状,阐述了基于互联网的盘锦市河蟹物流信息平台的概念,并讨论了盘锦市河蟹物流信息平台建设的意义。对盘锦市河蟹物流信息平台的总体架构进行了规划与设计,最后提出了盘锦市河蟹物流信息平台建设实施策略。     

Decision Process for Adoption of Innovative Products in the European Seafood Market: The Importance of Supply and Demand Factors

This study proposes a new approach with two-dimensional point of view to test predicting factors that are influencing European trader decisions for the adoption of innovative seafood products in the distributor channels. A combination of two main predicting factors for adoption is investigated in the “supply factors” (4Ps: product, promotion, place, and price) and the “five innovation demand factors” (5IDs: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability). The findings indicate that 4Ps and 5IDs have a significant effect as controlling variables in the decision-making process for innovation adoption. This fact shows a strategic function and illustrates that supply–demand factors have a pressure effect on the innovation adoption process in the market. The results are important both for satisfying consumer expectations and for industrial innovation strategies.     

Genetic Analysis of the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) Introduced to the North American Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway

The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is an invasive organism of concern, with established non-native populations in Europe and California, USA. The species is thought to pose a risk to other North American waterways, including the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway. Since 1965, there have been sixteen confirmed adult E. sinensis caught in the North American Great Lakes or adjoining waterways. Analysis of their mitochondrial DNA sequence variation for part of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene discerned three haplotypes among seven individuals (caught between 1973 and 2005), identical to common haplotypes in Europe. Analysis of mitochondrial haplotype frequencies and shipping patterns suggests that E. sinensis has been introduced to the Great Lakes from Europe, although we are unable to preclude native Asian populations as putative sources. The species is catadromous, migrating between salt and fresh water to complete its life cycle. This trait makes it unlikely that E. sinensis will establish a breeding population in the Great Lakes proper, which are separated from saltwater by a considerable distance and significant instream barriers such as waterfalls and navigation locks. However, the recent discovery of two confirmed mitten crabs in the St. Lawrence River, which could be more readily colonized, underscores the risk posed by the repeated introduction of this species into the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway.     

吉富罗非鱼与锯缘青蟹混养经济效益分析

海南省罗非鱼产业已成为海南省渔业的支柱产业之一,然而,近年来病害的频发、国际市场的不稳定性、饲料、人工成本的不断增加,直接制约了罗非鱼产业的可持续发展。多品种混养的池塘养殖模式悄然兴起,一方面充分利用池塘水域环境,通过生物与生物之间的关系,调节了水质,提高了养殖品种的成活率;另一方面,通过混养其他经济品种,提高池塘单位面积的经济收益。论文以吉富罗非鱼与锯缘青蟹混养为例,探讨了该养殖模式下养殖成本、养殖经济效益与单养模式的区别。结果表明：罗非鱼与锯缘青蟹混养既能减少养殖病害,有良好的生态效益,又能有效提高罗非鱼单位面积产量,增加养殖总体的经济效益。     

梯形透空丁坝局部水动力特性对底栖动物生境演替的影响机制

针对因梯形透空丁坝局部水动力特性对底栖动物栖息地的影响机制尚不明确,限制了此类结构的大范围推广应用的问题,依托长江深水航道建设的示范应用工程,构建三维水动力数值模型,选择中华绒螯蟹为指示物种,研究了不同径流条件下梯形透空丁坝局部水动力特性及其对指示物种栖息地的影响;结合梯形透空丁坝不同时期沉积物和底栖动物的监测数据,分析了梯形透空丁坝对底栖动物生境演替的影响机制。结果表明：梯形透空丁坝迎流面产生的上升流将主流引导至丁坝后上方,在汛期为中华绒螯蟹提供了避洪场所;坝内及坝后较小的流速和丰富的流场结构为中华绒螯蟹提供了索饵场和越冬场。     

小浪底工程进水塔4000kN门机设计特点

小浪底工程进水塔４０００ｋＮ门机起升吨位大、扬程高、跨度大、控制设备多、控制要求高、担负的作业繁重，因而设计难度大。文章重点介绍了采用折线卷筒多层缠绕技术解决大吨位、高扬程启闭机设计时应注意的问题，采用偏轨小车代替回转吊的优越性和超长偏轨梁与主梁的连接方式及上拱设计时应注意的问题，门机及自动抓梁和清污机的电器控制要求、安全保护措施，主、副司机室的控制分工和大车供电等方面的设计特点。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定中华绒螯蟹中β-受体激动剂西马特罗残留量

本研究通过乙酸钠-乙酸缓冲液提取,经过夜酶解及SCX净化柱净化,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定,建立了中华绒螯蟹中β-受体激动剂西马特罗残留量的检测方法,内标法定量.实验结果表明,西马特罗在0.4980～199.2000 ng·mL-1呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数大于0.99,方法测定低限为0.5μg·kg-1,在1...     

山东省沿海蟹类的习性及分布

介绍了山东省沿海的33种蟹类的习性及分布。