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1.
This article explores the adoption of new technology in organisations that provide senior citizen care. Inspired by Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory, we study how technology reduces complexity by identifying client needs and ensuring predictability in service delivery. However, how technologies are adopted in practice is not determined by technology since it is also structured by care-workers' continuous decision-making. Against this backdrop, we explore how technologies alter the conditions for decision-making in two settings of elderly care, and we describe how care workers seek to adapt technologies to their practical needs as well as conception of care ethics. Developing a systems theory approach, the article eschews a priori assumptions of technological constraint on care-workers’ professional autonomy, offering a more open-ended exploration of diversified strategies for coping with new technology. Our case studies show that employees develop diversified strategies for technology adoption, including both non-usage, heated resistance, excessive embrace, and creative adaption. 相似文献
2.
The paper concerns the study of equilibrium points, or steady states, of economic systems arising in modeling optimal investment with vintage capital, namely, systems where all key variables (capitals, investments, prices) are indexed not only by time but also by age. Capital accumulation is hence described as a partial differential equation (briefly, PDE), and equilibrium points are in fact equilibrium distributions in the variable of ages. A general method is developed to compute and study equilibrium points of a wide range of infinite dimensional, infinite horizon, optimal control problems. We apply the method to optimal investment with vintage capital, for a variety of data, deriving existence and uniqueness of equilibrium distribution, as well as analytic formulas for optimal controls and trajectories in the long run. The examples suggest that the same method can be applied to other economic problems displaying heterogeneity. This shows how effective the theoretical machinery of optimal control in infinite dimension is in computing explicitly equilibrium distributions. To this extent, the results of this work constitute a first crucial step towards a thorough understanding of the behavior of optimal paths in the long run. 相似文献
3.
4.
A conceptual framework of anonymity in Group Support Systems 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Joseph S. Valacich Leonard M. Jessup Alan R. Dennis J. F. Nunamaker Jr. 《Group Decision and Negotiation》1992,1(3):219-241
As the development and use of automated systems for collaborative work grows, the need for a better understanding of these systems becomes more important. Our focus is on one type of system, a Group Support System (GSS) and, in particular, on one important aspect of a GSS—anonymity. A conceptual framework for the study of anonymity in a GSS is presented, which describes the general classes of variables and their relationships. These variables include the factors that influence anonymity in a GSS, types of anonymity, and the effects of anonymity on a message sender, receiver, group process, and outcome. Each of these variables is discussed with working propositions presented for important group process and outcome measures. The objectives of this article are to highlight the importance and complexity of anonymity, to act as a guide for empirical investigations of anonymity, and to influence future GSS development and use. 相似文献
5.
Marc Robinson 《Fiscal Studies》2002,23(2):287-300
Australian governments have recently moved from cash accounting to accrual accounting. Accrual accounting has been accompanied at the national government level by the introduction of a new key fiscal policy measure: the ‘fiscal balance’. This paper explains and evaluates this new fiscal measure. It concludes that, given the present fiscal policy of the Australian government, fiscal balance is a superior fiscal policy measure to the ‘cash’ budget balance measure which it replaced. However, from the alternative ‘golden rule’ policy standpoint, fiscal balance is not a meaningful fiscal policy measure — although its stock counterpart, net financial liabilities, certainly is. 相似文献
6.
与常规的以经验为主的运行方式相比,考虑了水动力学影响、以多渠池串联的整个渠道系统为研究对象的渠道运行控制在增加调水工程的安全性、降低运行成本、提高输水效率等方面能取得更佳的效果。国外关于调水工程渠道控制的研究起步较早,基于非线性偏微分圣维南方程组发展了多种离散化、线性化等简化方法,建立了相应的控制模型,并从不同角度确定了其控制方法以及控制算法。参考已有的研究思路和方法,总结国外渠道运行控制的成果,对我国南水北调工程的运行控制有着重要的借鉴意义。 相似文献
7.
Yu. V. Balaban-Irmenin N. G. Fokina 《Power Technology and Engineering (formerly Hydrotechnical Construction)》2007,41(5):306-312
The effect of internal-corrosion inhibitors on heating-system pipelines is investigated. Tests were conducted on a testing
device for polarization measurements under conditions corresponding to the Rostov Heat-Supply System. The concentration of
OEDP-zinc, which provides a high degree of protection from general corrosion, is determined. The reagent has been successfully
incorporated into the Rostov No. 2 TPP.
__________
Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 7, July 2007, pp. 37–43. 相似文献
8.
Yu. V. Balaban-Irmenin N. G. Fokina 《Power Technology and Engineering (formerly Hydrotechnical Construction)》2007,41(4):228-232
The reliability of heat-supply systems is determined primarily by internal corrosion of the pipelines. The concentration of
oxygen in the water exerts a major influence on the corrosion. In systems with a standard oxygen content, OéDF-Zn is a highly
effective corrosion inhibitor. However, there are systems in which the quality of deaeration of the make-up water of the heat-supply
system is low (or deaeration is nonexistent), and the concentration of oxygen is considerably above the standard value. Classed
among these systems, for example, are the HWS systems, which are incorporated into closed heat-supply systems. The oxygen
concentration in these systems is analyzed to assess the situation.
__________
Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 6, June 2007, pp. 35–39. 相似文献
9.
The problem of managing water scarcity by resorting to complex interconnected multi-source water systems needs to utilize
management optimization techniques analyzing aspects of water quantity and quality in a common strategy. In the southern regions
of Mediterranean Europe, the greater part of water resources for supply systems are derived from artificial reservoirs and
water systems can become quite complex since they interconnect several sources and demand centers, as indeed occurs in the
Region of Sardinia (Italy). A simplified approach to the requirement to insert water quality aspects in the mathematical optimization
model can be achieved by examining the trophic conditions of reservoirs. Trophic State Indexes (TSI) based on Carlson’s (1977) make it possible to insert quality constraints in the water management optimization model also considering complex multi-reservoir
and multi-user systems. Model formalization and implementation by the optimization toolkit WARGI (Water Resource system optimization
aided by Graphical Interface) (Sechi and Zuddas 2000; Manca et al. 2004; Salis et al. 2005) is illustrated in this paper. The usefulness of a mixed quantity–quality optimization approach has been confirmed by WARGI
application to a real multi-reservoir water resources system in southern Sardinia. The optimization model remains computationally
efficient dealing with this complex multi-reservoir system and the obtained results can be seen as a reference target in a
subsequent simulation phase. 相似文献
10.
Leiser Silva Eugenio Figueroa B. Jennifer Gonzlez-Reinhart 《Information and Organization》2007,17(4):232-265
This paper centers on the interpretation attributed by organizational members to the information systems (IS) alignment concept. Its objective is to study IS alignment in professional organizations. Specifically, it reports on an interpretive study conducted in five Chilean organizations; four professional and one entrepreneurial, of which two are private and three are public. The theoretical background of our study is derived from three IS strategic alignment conceptualizations: managerial, emergent and critical. These concepts formed our theoretical framework that guided data collection and analysis. The study centers on the meanings organizational members assigned to IS strategic alignment, as well as their views on the barriers that hinder achieving this level of organizational integration. The analysis results are summarized in seven hermeneutic themes that point out the different connotations the organizations assigned to IS alignment. The significance of the findings are summarized in four insights that formulate theoretical and practical implications. These insights refer to: (1) the difficulties of achieving alignment for professional organizations, particularly public ones, (2) the limitations these organizations have in being agile, (3) the rationale for acquiring technology and determining IT skills, and (4) the imperative meaning that CIOs attribute to IS alignment. The paper concludes with a reflection on the limitations and relevance of the research. 相似文献