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1.
This paper provides a framework for the evaluation of scenario planning and other strategic decision making methods or techniques. If scenario planning is useful, we should be teaching it in schools and we as individuals should be using it to cope with the uncertainty inherent in modern life. A prerequisite to this is the need to identify why, where and how (in what way) scenario planning and other methods or techniques are useful. Here, I review evaluations of scenario planning. Taking a Brunswikian perspective, I highlight the issues that have failed to be addressed in this evaluation. I demonstrate that there are many ways in which scenario planning could be useful other than those that have appeared in previous discussions. These multiple routes are dependent upon the interaction between the individual organisation, the environment in which they are operating and the method being followed.  相似文献   
2.
探讨水资源承载力综合评估和多目标计算理论在城市规划中的应用。运用灰色多层次综合评估模型对惠州市水资源承载力进行定性的综合评价,应用多目标规划理论对城市经济发展规划不同方案下的惠州市水资源承载力作了定量计算。  相似文献   
3.
The introduction of traffic management schemes has been one response of the National Parks to the problem of ever-increasing car-borne visitors and the consequent damage caused to the rural environment. By reviewing these schemes and by determining and explaining attitudes towards one particular traffic management experiment, the paper aims to deduce lessons for future policy. The analysis, based on two visitor surveys, suggests that the likelihood of success is improved when schemes are integrated, containing both ‘carrot’ and ‘stick’ elements. Since public perceptions are also found to be pivotal to its success, appropriate marketing of a scheme is vital. The paper concludes, however, that to achieve the fundamental objective of greater accessibility with less mobility, a more wide-ranging marketing effort is required intended to engender a sea change in attitude towards both the car and public transport.  相似文献   
4.
对纳税筹划问题的理性思考   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
纳税筹划近年来日益受到人们的关注,但国内研究多侧重于筹划策略和方法。本文试图从理论上对纳税筹划的必然性、可能性及其经济和社会效应进行较深入的探讨,完善纳税筹划的指导思想,纠正对其错误的认识。  相似文献   
5.
黄河流域委属大河控制站站网布局分析检验与调整   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
简要论述了黄河流域委属大河控制站的基本情况,通过资料分析,按“直线原则”计算了黄河大河控制站布站数目的上、下限,并调查分析落实了各河段近期和中长期治理开发对水资料的需求,确定各河段测站数目的采用值;对照现有站数,结合测站位置,功能,测验,生活条件等,逐段逐站进行审查,综合评估,决定测站的撤,迁,留,并对密度不足的河段提出了设站意见。  相似文献   
6.
在总结水利规划工作经验教训的基础上,结合松辽流域现在水利工作实际,进行了水利规划及战略研究工作,提出切实可行的解决途径,并着重阐述了松辽流域水利规划和战略研究的总体思路.  相似文献   
7.
In this article, linear programming and fuzzy optimization models are developed for planning and management of available land-water-crop system of Mahanadi-Kathajodi delta in eastern India. The models are used to optimize the economic return, production and labour utilization, and to search the related cropping patterns and intensities with specified land, water, fertilizer and labour availability, and water use pattern constraints. Due to extreme backwardness of the study area, it has been decided to keep all the three objectives of the linear programming models at the same priority level to obtain the compromised solution in a fuzzy environment that incorporates the imprecision in fuzzy goals and fuzzy constraints. These non-structural models facilitate the conjunctive use of available surface water and groundwater resources. A comparative evaluation along with the benefit-cost ratios of the existing and proposed farming systems is also presented.  相似文献   
8.
江口水电站是芙蓉江干流开发中的骨干工程。为认真履行江口工程的设计合同,确保优质、高效地完成江口工程的各项设计工作,长江委设计院实行全面质量管理,建立了一套规范化的统计管理程序,制订详细的设计计划,落实江口工程项目各级责任人的质量责任制,采取特殊技术措施,对工程设计过程中的各项质量活动进行全过程的管理,使江口工程在满足质量标准、合同进度的情况下,工程投资最省。  相似文献   
9.
Since 1970, over forty empirical studies have examined the performance consequences of formal strategic planning. This line of research has drawn heavy criticism from reviewers on methodological grounds, and has produced confusing, apparently contradictory results. This article reevaluates the planning-performance relationship from a resource perspective, arguing that strategic planning does not satisfy the criteria for sustainable competitive advantage– although it may produce economic value, it is easily imitated and may be substitutable. The article suggests that previous studies produced inconsistent results because they did not account for the dissemination of strategic planning over time, or for industry differences in strategic planning factor markets. An empirical test in two industries finds that formal strategic planning and financial performance are unrelated in a ‘planning equilibrium’ industry, but positively related in an industry with strategic planning factor market imperfections.  相似文献   
10.
The present paper demonstrates the applicability of population based search optimization method, namely, Differential Evolution (DE) to a case study of Mahi Bajaj Sagar Project (MBSP), India. Ten different strategies of DE are employed to assess the ability of DE for solving higher dimensional problems as an alternative methodology for irrigation planning. The parameters considered in DE are population size, crossover constant and weighting factor. Linear Programming (LP) is utilized as a comparative approach to assess the ability of DE. Comparison of results of LP and the 10 DE strategies for the given parameters indicated that both the results are comparable even for high dimensional problems. Extensive sensitivity analysis studies, performed for 3,600 combinations of above parameters for the 10 DE strategies suggested that DE/rand-to-best/1/bin strategy is the best strategy giving maximum benefits taking minimum CPU time. It is concluded that DE can be utilized for efficient planning of any irrigation system with suitable modifications.  相似文献   
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