建国以来的农地制度效率比较:实证研究和理论分析

农业经济增长与所实行的农地制度密切相关.建国以来,中国相继实行了“土地农民所有”、“土地集体所有、统一经营”以及“家庭联产承包责任制”三种农地制度.实证研究和理论分析表明,“集体所有、统一经营”的农地制度是无效率的制度,而其余两种制度是有效率的,但是它们各有其优缺点.中国实行家庭联产承包责任制是在既定历史条件下的正确的选择,应当不动摇地继续实行下去,同时还要对其进行不断完善.

An Efficiency Comparison between the Farmland Systems: Empirical Study and theoretical Analysis

Agricultural economic growth is closely related with the farmland system.Since the founding of the republic,China has implemented three types of farmland system successively,including the land belonging to the farmer,the land belonging to the collective with unified management,and the household contract responsibility system.The empirical study and theoretical analysis indicate that the land belonging to the collective with unified management is an inefficiency system;the other two systems are effective,but each has its merits and shortcomings.The household contract responsibility system is a correct choice under the specific historic conditions and should be carried out steadily;at the same time it should be innovated constantly.