社区主导型乡村旅游发展的博弈论——从个人理性到集体理性

我国社区主导型乡村旅游发展尚处于初级阶段,却已经显现出旅游市场的无序竞争和公共资源过度利用及破坏等公地悲剧问题。文章运用博弈论方法分析,认为这些问题是村民与村民之间以及村民与游客之间基于个人理性的相互博弈的结果。从长期来看,集体理性更符合村民长期利益最大化的心理需求,社区村民的博弈具有从个人理性向集体理性转变的机制和驱动力。为了避免和缓解公地悲剧的发生,缩短从个人理性到集体理性转变的时间距离,必须依赖于外部力量的引导以及合理的制度安排,文章提出了相应制度保障措施。

AN ANALYSIS ON THE COMMUNITY-ORIENTED RURAL TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BASED ON GAME THEORY

The thesis makes a probe on the problems in the community involvement of rural tourism in game theory.The individual strategies and the strategy-making process in the community involvement are analyzed in detail and the conflicts between individuals and groups are revealed,which will benefit for the policy making and arrangement in the further development of rural tourism.It points out that an empowered organization and binding agreement based rules should be built up for the healthy development of rural tourism.