Multiple independent invention and the process of technological innovation

Multiple independent invention, i.e. two or more inventions being made independently of each other (not necessarily at the same time), is a well documented phenomenon. The concept is embodied in the phrase “reinventing the wheel” which is part of common knowledge, and widely used.Although the concept of multiple independent invention has been widely reported, it has rarely been recognised in the context of the process of technological innovation or the diffusion of innovations. In addition the majority of the studies of multiples have been well after the date of invention; little study has taken place of multiples during the subsequent innovation process. This article reports the study of one case of multiple independent innovation, examining the processes of innovation and diffusion in each identified version of the multiple. It tries to show how this concept provides new insights into the process of technological innovation.