郑州市城市农业发展现状与创新发展模式策略研究

[目的]城市农业与城市的经济、生态、社会、文化融为一体,是解决目前我国城市发展过程中面临的资源紧缺、劳动力问题、生态环境恶化和可持续发展等问题的有效途径之一,集生产、生活、生态、示范等多种功能于一体。郑州市人口众多,对城市农业的需求强烈,政府高度重视城市农业发展,将其确定为"十三五"规划发展的重点内容之一。[方法]文章通过现场调研、访谈调研和文献调研等形式,分析了郑州市中心城区各种城市农业类型的发展现状,在补充市民食物供给、改善市民生活环境、丰富市民生活和促进农业文化传承四方面的发展需求。[结果]计算了平面和立体上的城市农业发展空间,包括平面空间上的2.5万hm2耕地和58.35km2公共绿地,立体空间上的115万m2阳台农业发展空间、230万m2屋顶农业发展空间、2 300万m2墙体垂直农业发展空间。[结论]提出了"十三五"期间郑州市应大力推进阳台农业和农业主题公园模式,引导规范休闲农园、屋顶农业和庭院农业模式,适量引进垂直农业、社区农园、植物工厂和公共绿化农业模式的建议,为促进郑州市城市农业发展提供决策参考。

RESEARCH ON THE CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS OF URBAN AGRICULTURE IN ZHENGZHOU

The integration of the urban agriculture into the urban economy, ecological, social and culture system is an important approach to solve the existing urban problems in China. As a large population city, Zhengzhou has high demand in urban agriculture. The government paid high importance on urban agriculture which was identified as a development focal point during the thirteen five-year plan of Zhengzhou. Field investigation, interviews and literatures research were carried to analyze the present status of different types of urban agriculture and the demands for urban agriculture from four aspects, which included food production, improving the city environment, enriching the cultural life, and the inheritance of agricultural culture. It calculated the development space of urban agriculture in Zhengzhou, which included 250 km2 cultivated land and 58.35km2 public green space, 1.15 million m2 balcony, 2.3 million m2 roof and 23 million m2 wall of solid urban agricultural space. Finally, it put forward some suggestions on the urban agricultural development patterns, for example, it should vigorously promote the urban balcony agriculture and agri-theme park, regulate and guide the development of the leisure farm, urban roof agriculture and courtyard agriculture, and introduce the community supported agriculture farm, plant factory and the public greenery agriculture.