分工、协作与古典企业理论的再造

现代企业理论自创立以来,一直都未能摆脱新古典思想的束缚,从而降低了它的解释力。本文将古典经济学关于分工与协作的思想应用于对企业的解释,并得出以下结论:分工不仅要受到市场容量的限制,更重要的是,还要受市场不确定性的限制,企业内分工协作与市场分工协作的差异才是企业利润的真正来源。企业的性质可以概括为:企业是追求分工经济与协作经济的要素所有者结合的产物。降低交易成本是企业出现后的结果,而不是企业出现的原因;当在企业内组织生产的边际利润等于在市场内组织生产的边际利润时,企业便会停止扩张。

Division of Labor, Cooperation and Rebuilding of Classical Firm Theory

Since the modern firm theory was found,it has been fettered by Neoclassical Economics all along.In this article we apply the Classical Economics ideology about the division and cooperation to the firm theory.We draw the following conclusions: The division of labor is limited not only by the market capacity,more importantly,but also the market indefiniteness.The difference of division in firms and in markets is the true origin of the firms profit.The quality of firms can be concluded: firms are sets of resource owners pursuing division and cooperation returns.Reducing the transaction cost is the result of the firms appearing,but not the reason for the firms appearing.When the marginal returns produced in firms and in the markets are equal,the firms will stop expanding.