环境约束下中国旅游业动态效率的测算与分析——基于三阶段Malmquist指数模型的实证分析

将三阶段DEA与Malmquist指数相结合,利用2007—2010年中国31个省级区域的面板数据,对全国、各省级区域、三大地区旅游业的TFP及其分解指数进行了测算与分析。研究结果表明:在剔除了环境变量和随机误差的影响后,中国旅游业的TFP及其分解效率发生了明显变化;居民收入水平、交通便利程度、居民出游偏好和地理区位因素都对中国旅游业的发展效率产生显著影响;在剔除环境变量和随机误差的影响后,2007—2010年期间中国旅游业的TFP呈逐步提升趋势,技术进步是推动旅游业TFP增长的主要动力,技术效率则起抑制作用——这主要源于规模效率水平的下降。

Calculation and Analysis on Dynamic Efficiency of Tourism in China under Environmental Constraints:Based on Three-Stage Malmquist Index Model

This paper combines three‐stage DEA with Malmquist index ,and uses the panel data of 31 provincial units in China during 2007 -2010 to calculate and analyzes the total factor productivities（TFPs） and decomposing indexes of nation ,provinces and three regions.The empiri‐cal results show as follows ：the TFP and its components change significantly after considering the environmental variables and random factors ;four environmental variables ,including income level ,traffic condition ,resident＇s travel preference and geographic location have significant influ‐ences on the efficiency of tourism in China ;rejecting the influence of environmental variables and random factors ,the TFP of China＇s tourism shows the improvement during the period 2007 -2010 ,and technological progress is the main driving force for the improvement of TFP ;howev‐er ,technology efficiency is not conducive to the improvement of TFP ,which is mainly due to the decrease of scale efficiency.