企业与环境关系的系统学思考

本文着眼于一般系统论的视角，认为在企业系统与环境相互作用的关系中，环境的构成及其相互关系愈来愈对系统的存在和演进产生重要作用。这在根本上是由于处于物质世界不同层次的各类系统自身均有一定性质和一定程度的能动作用，它对企业的影响可区分为“直接接触”和“间接接触”两种形式。企业可对自己与环境的相关作用用内、外参量关系加以描述，以增强企业的敏感性和预见性。文章进而指出，企业应充分利用系统的自调原理，即通过“能动自调式”、“正负反馈式”、“多功能式”以及“协同学式”等多种调节方式，使企业在运行中自觉寻求并获得自身发展的现实条件和未来条件，在时空上始终表现出一定的组织性、协调性和有序性，以便朝着预定的目标稳定行进。

Systematic Thinkings about Enterprise and Environment

AbstractThe paper, from the viewpoint of system, holds the idea that the structure of environment plays an important role in the relation between enterprise and environment, because various systems in material world have their own active functions in certain respect or in certain degree.Their influence on enterprise can be classified into two kinds. One is direct contact and the other is indirect contact. Enterprise should apply the principle of systematic adjustment and search for actual and future conditions for its own development.