产权改革与体制低效的“反公地悲剧”现象分析

渐进主义模式有利于社会变革的可控性，但它只能完成外围容易实现的改革目标。农村和城市经济改革中已经获得“有限”市场自由的各类经济主体与正在转型中的管理体制代理者之间存在的激励不相容，使我国的经济改革呈现出了“不关心”、“不作为”和寻租等严重的“反公地悲剧”问题。要彻底突破目前陷于停滞的改革困境。就亟须克服渐进主义思维的惯性，从土地、国企和体制等改革的实践难题着手，中央政府层面的“项层设计”应该是唯一的选择。

Analysis on China＇s ＂the Tragedy of Anti-Commons＂ Attributed to Property Right Reform and System Inefficiency

Gradualism has the controllability beneficial to social change, but it only works to the outside and easy part of the reform objectives. The incentive incompatibility between the agents of transforming management systems and all kinds of economic entities who have gotten the ＂limited＂ market freedom during the rural-urban economic reform has brought about some serious problems of ＂the Tragedy of Anti-Commons＂ including ＂indifferent＂, ＂inaction＂ and rent-seeking etc. in China＇s economic reform. The only choice to completely break through the current stagnant reform predicament is to get rid of the inertia of progressive thinking, to deal with the practical problems in the reform of land, the state-owned enterprises and the system, and to have ＂top design＂ from the central government.