旅游开发对民族传统文化的本质性影响

民族传统文化的变迁是一个不以人的意志为转移的、客观的历史过程,传统文化得以传承的前提条件取决于其在当下的"有用性".对这种"有用性"的最终评估并不来自研究者或政府官员,而只能来自居于该民族传统"主位"(emic)的文化持有者的认知.换言之,传统文化是不能被处于"客位"(etic)的人的"理性"行动保护下来的,文化传承的内源性动力只能源于居于该种传统文化"主位"的它的持有者群体的"文化自觉",而这种"文化自觉"正是对其传统文化有用性的一种界定和回应.从这一点出发,研究者能做的是为"主位"者提供智力支持,政府要做的是为"主位者"提供财政支持和制度保障.

The Substantial Impact of Tourism Development on National Traditional Culture

The vicissitude of national traditional culture is an objective historical process independent of people's will.The precondition of inheriting traditional culture depends on its usefulness.The final assessment of such "usefulness" does not come from researchers or government officials,but from the perception of culture holders who are in the "subjective position" of national tradition.In other words,traditional culture cannot be protected by "rational" actions of those who are in the "objective position." The inner motive power of culture inheritance only originates in the "culture consciousness" of those who are in the "subjective position" of such traditional culture.This "culture consciousness" is a definition and response to the usefulness of traditional culture.From this viewpoint,what the researchers could do is to provide intellectual support to those who are in "subjective position" and what the government should do is to provide financial support and institutional guarantee for them.